X-Git-Url: http://nitlanguage.org

diff --git a/src/model/model.nit b/src/model/model.nit
index 3a64638..908cb60 100644
--- a/src/model/model.nit
+++ b/src/model/model.nit
@@ -206,6 +206,9 @@ redef class MModule
 	# The primitive type `Int`
 	var int_type: MClassType = self.get_primitive_class("Int").mclass_type is lazy
 
+	# The primitive type `Byte`
+	var byte_type: MClassType = self.get_primitive_class("Byte").mclass_type is lazy
+
 	# The primitive type `Char`
 	var char_type: MClassType = self.get_primitive_class("Char").mclass_type is lazy
 
@@ -251,7 +254,9 @@ redef class MModule
 	fun get_primitive_class(name: String): MClass
 	do
 		var cla = self.model.get_mclasses_by_name(name)
-		if cla == null then
+		# Filter classes by introducing module
+		if cla != null then cla = [for c in cla do if self.in_importation <= c.intro_mmodule then c]
+		if cla == null or cla.is_empty then
 			if name == "Bool" and self.model.get_mclasses_by_name("Object") != null then
 				# Bool is injected because it is needed by engine to code the result
 				# of the implicit casts.
@@ -261,11 +266,11 @@ redef class MModule
 				cladef.add_in_hierarchy
 				return c
 			end
-			print("Fatal Error: no primitive class {name}")
+			print("Fatal Error: no primitive class {name} in {self}")
 			exit(1)
 		end
 		if cla.length != 1 then
-			var msg = "Fatal Error: more than one primitive class {name}:"
+			var msg = "Fatal Error: more than one primitive class {name} in {self}:"
 			for c in cla do msg += " {c.full_name}"
 			print msg
 			#exit(1)
@@ -378,6 +383,29 @@ class MClass
 	# is empty if the class is not generic
 	var mparameters = new Array[MParameterType]
 
+	# A string version of the signature a generic class.
+	#
+	# eg. `Map[K: nullable Object, V: nullable Object]`
+	#
+	# If the class in non generic the name is just given.
+	#
+	# eg. `Object`
+	fun signature_to_s: String
+	do
+		if arity == 0 then return name
+		var res = new FlatBuffer
+		res.append name
+		res.append "["
+		for i in [0..arity[ do
+			if i > 0 then res.append ", "
+			res.append mparameters[i].name
+			res.append ": "
+			res.append intro.bound_mtype.arguments[i].to_s
+		end
+		res.append "]"
+		return res.to_s
+	end
+
 	# Initialize `mparameters` from their names.
 	protected fun setup_parameter_names(parameter_names: nullable Array[String]) is
 		autoinit
@@ -433,8 +461,17 @@ class MClass
 	#
 	# Warning: such a definition may not exist in the early life of the object.
 	# In this case, the method will abort.
+	#
+	# Use `try_intro` instead
 	var intro: MClassDef is noinit
 
+	# The definition that introduces the class or null if not yet known.
+	#
+	# See `intro`
+	fun try_intro: nullable MClassDef do
+		if isset _intro then return _intro else return null
+	end
+
 	# Return the class `self` in the class hierarchy of the module `mmodule`.
 	#
 	# SEE: `MModule::flatten_mclass_hierarchy`
@@ -477,6 +514,9 @@ class MClass
 	end
 
 	private var get_mtype_cache = new HashMap[Array[MType], MGenericType]
+
+	# Is there a `new` factory to allow the pseudo instantiation?
+	var has_new_factory = false is writable
 end
 
 
@@ -624,7 +664,7 @@ class MClassDef
 	var in_hierarchy: nullable POSetElement[MClassDef] = null
 
 	# Is the definition the one that introduced `mclass`?
-	fun is_intro: Bool do return mclass.intro == self
+	fun is_intro: Bool do return isset mclass._intro and mclass.intro == self
 
 	# All properties introduced by the classdef
 	var intro_mproperties = new Array[MProperty]
@@ -694,6 +734,8 @@ abstract class MType
 		if sup isa MNullableType then
 			sup_accept_null = true
 			sup = sup.mtype
+		else if sup isa MNotNullType then
+			sup = sup.mtype
 		else if sup isa MNullType then
 			sup_accept_null = true
 		end
@@ -701,16 +743,20 @@ abstract class MType
 		# Can `sub` provide null or not?
 		# Thus we can match with `sup_accept_null`
 		# Also discard the nullable marker if it exists
+		var sub_reject_null = false
 		if sub isa MNullableType then
 			if not sup_accept_null then return false
 			sub = sub.mtype
+		else if sub isa MNotNullType then
+			sub_reject_null = true
+			sub = sub.mtype
 		else if sub isa MNullType then
 			return sup_accept_null
 		end
 		# Now the case of direct null and nullable is over.
 
 		# If `sub` is a formal type, then it is accepted if its bound is accepted
-		while sub isa MParameterType or sub isa MVirtualType do
+		while sub isa MFormalType do
 			#print "3.is {sub} a {sup}?"
 
 			# A unfixed formal type can only accept itself
@@ -718,12 +764,16 @@ abstract class MType
 
 			assert anchor != null
 			sub = sub.lookup_bound(mmodule, anchor)
+			if sub_reject_null then sub = sub.as_notnull
 
 			#print "3.is {sub} a {sup}?"
 
 			# Manage the second layer of null/nullable
 			if sub isa MNullableType then
-				if not sup_accept_null then return false
+				if not sup_accept_null and not sub_reject_null then return false
+				sub = sub.mtype
+			else if sub isa MNotNullType then
+				sub_reject_null = true
 				sub = sub.mtype
 			else if sub isa MNullType then
 				return sup_accept_null
@@ -731,10 +781,10 @@ abstract class MType
 		end
 		#print "4.is {sub} a {sup}? <- no more resolution"
 
-		assert sub isa MClassType # It is the only remaining type
+		assert sub isa MClassType else print "{sub} <? {sub}" # It is the only remaining type
 
 		# A unfixed formal type can only accept itself
-		if sup isa MParameterType or sup isa MVirtualType then
+		if sup isa MFormalType then
 			return false
 		end
 
@@ -985,16 +1035,25 @@ abstract class MType
 		return res
 	end
 
-	# Return the not nullable version of the type
-	# Is the type is already not nullable, then self is returned.
+	# Remove the base type of a decorated (proxy) type.
+	# Is the type is not decorated, then self is returned.
 	#
-	# Note: this just remove the `nullable` notation, but the result can still contains null.
+	# Most of the time it is used to return the not nullable version of a nullable type.
+	# In this case, this just remove the `nullable` notation, but the result can still contains null.
 	# For instance if `self isa MNullType` or self is a formal type bounded by a nullable type.
-	fun as_notnullable: MType
+	# If you really want to exclude the `null` value, then use `as_notnull`
+	fun undecorate: MType
 	do
 		return self
 	end
 
+	# Returns the not null version of the type.
+	# That is `self` minus the `null` value.
+	#
+	# For most types, this return `self`.
+	# For formal types, this returns a special `MNotNullType`
+	fun as_notnull: MType do return self
+
 	private var as_nullable_cache: nullable MType = null
 
 
@@ -1256,9 +1315,19 @@ class MGenericType
 	end
 end
 
+# A formal type (either virtual of parametric).
+#
+# The main issue with formal types is that they offer very little information on their own
+# and need a context (anchor and mmodule) to be useful.
+abstract class MFormalType
+	super MType
+
+	redef var as_notnull = new MNotNullType(self) is lazy
+end
+
 # A virtual formal type.
 class MVirtualType
-	super MType
+	super MFormalType
 
 	# The property associated with the type.
 	# Its the definitions of this property that determine the bound or the virtual type.
@@ -1299,7 +1368,7 @@ class MVirtualType
 	redef fun lookup_fixed(mmodule: MModule, resolved_receiver: MType): MType
 	do
 		assert not resolved_receiver.need_anchor
-		resolved_receiver = resolved_receiver.as_notnullable
+		resolved_receiver = resolved_receiver.undecorate
 		assert resolved_receiver isa MClassType # It is the only remaining type
 
 		var prop = lookup_single_definition(mmodule, resolved_receiver)
@@ -1386,7 +1455,7 @@ end
 # Note that parameter types are shared among class refinements.
 # Therefore parameter only have an internal name (see `to_s` for details).
 class MParameterType
-	super MType
+	super MFormalType
 
 	# The generic class where the parameter belong
 	var mclass: MClass
@@ -1408,7 +1477,7 @@ class MParameterType
 	redef fun lookup_bound(mmodule: MModule, resolved_receiver: MType): MType
 	do
 		assert not resolved_receiver.need_anchor
-		resolved_receiver = resolved_receiver.as_notnullable
+		resolved_receiver = resolved_receiver.undecorate
 		assert resolved_receiver isa MClassType # It is the only remaining type
 		var goalclass = self.mclass
 		if resolved_receiver.mclass == goalclass then
@@ -1436,7 +1505,7 @@ class MParameterType
 	redef fun lookup_fixed(mmodule: MModule, resolved_receiver: MType): MType
 	do
 		assert not resolved_receiver.need_anchor
-		resolved_receiver = resolved_receiver.as_notnullable
+		resolved_receiver = resolved_receiver.undecorate
 		assert resolved_receiver isa MClassType # It is the only remaining type
 		var res = self.resolve_for(resolved_receiver.mclass.mclass_type, resolved_receiver, mmodule, false)
 		return res
@@ -1508,33 +1577,24 @@ class MParameterType
 	end
 end
 
-# A type prefixed with "nullable"
-class MNullableType
+# A type that decorates another type.
+#
+# The point of this class is to provide a common implementation of sevices that just forward to the original type.
+# Specific decorator are expected to redefine (or to extend) the default implementation as this suit them.
+abstract class MProxyType
 	super MType
-
-	# The base type of the nullable type
+	# The base type
 	var mtype: MType
 
 	redef fun model do return self.mtype.model
-
-	init
-	do
-		self.to_s = "nullable {mtype}"
-	end
-
-	redef var to_s: String is noinit
-
-	redef var full_name is lazy do return "nullable {mtype.full_name}"
-
-	redef var c_name is lazy do return "nullable__{mtype.c_name}"
-
 	redef fun need_anchor do return mtype.need_anchor
-	redef fun as_nullable do return self
-	redef fun as_notnullable do return mtype
+	redef fun as_nullable do return mtype.as_nullable
+	redef fun as_notnull do return mtype.as_notnull
+	redef fun undecorate do return mtype.undecorate
 	redef fun resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule, cleanup_virtual)
 	do
 		var res = self.mtype.resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule, cleanup_virtual)
-		return res.as_nullable
+		return res
 	end
 
 	redef fun can_resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule)
@@ -1542,12 +1602,10 @@ class MNullableType
 		return self.mtype.can_resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule)
 	end
 
-	# Efficiently returns `mtype.lookup_fixed(mmodule, resolved_receiver).as_nullable`
 	redef fun lookup_fixed(mmodule, resolved_receiver)
 	do
 		var t = mtype.lookup_fixed(mmodule, resolved_receiver)
-		if t == mtype then return self
-		return t.as_nullable
+		return t
 	end
 
 	redef fun depth do return self.mtype.depth
@@ -1573,6 +1631,64 @@ class MNullableType
 	end
 end
 
+# A type prefixed with "nullable"
+class MNullableType
+	super MProxyType
+
+	init
+	do
+		self.to_s = "nullable {mtype}"
+	end
+
+	redef var to_s: String is noinit
+
+	redef var full_name is lazy do return "nullable {mtype.full_name}"
+
+	redef var c_name is lazy do return "nullable__{mtype.c_name}"
+
+	redef fun as_nullable do return self
+	redef fun resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule, cleanup_virtual)
+	do
+		var res = super
+		return res.as_nullable
+	end
+
+	# Efficiently returns `mtype.lookup_fixed(mmodule, resolved_receiver).as_nullable`
+	redef fun lookup_fixed(mmodule, resolved_receiver)
+	do
+		var t = super
+		if t == mtype then return self
+		return t.as_nullable
+	end
+end
+
+# A non-null version of a formal type.
+#
+# When a formal type in bounded to a nullable type, this is the type of the not null version of it.
+class MNotNullType
+	super MProxyType
+
+	redef fun to_s do return "not null {mtype}"
+	redef var full_name is lazy do return "not null {mtype.full_name}"
+	redef var c_name is lazy do return "notnull__{mtype.c_name}"
+
+	redef fun as_notnull do return self
+
+	redef fun resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule, cleanup_virtual)
+	do
+		var res = super
+		return res.as_notnull
+	end
+
+	# Efficiently returns `mtype.lookup_fixed(mmodule, resolved_receiver).as_notnull`
+	redef fun lookup_fixed(mmodule, resolved_receiver)
+	do
+		var t = super
+		if t == mtype then return self
+		return t.as_notnull
+	end
+end
+
 # The type of the only value null
 #
 # The is only one null type per model, see `MModel::null_type`.
@@ -1583,6 +1699,33 @@ class MNullType
 	redef fun full_name do return "null"
 	redef fun c_name do return "null"
 	redef fun as_nullable do return self
+
+	redef var as_notnull = new MBottomType(model) is lazy
+	redef fun need_anchor do return false
+	redef fun resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule, cleanup_virtual) do return self
+	redef fun can_resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule) do return true
+
+	redef fun collect_mclassdefs(mmodule) do return new HashSet[MClassDef]
+
+	redef fun collect_mclasses(mmodule) do return new HashSet[MClass]
+
+	redef fun collect_mtypes(mmodule) do return new HashSet[MClassType]
+end
+
+# The special universal most specific type.
+#
+# This type is intended to be only used internally for type computation or analysis and should not be exposed to the user.
+# The bottom type can de used to denote things that are absurd, dead, or the absence of knowledge.
+#
+# Semantically it is the singleton `null.as_notnull`.
+class MBottomType
+	super MType
+	redef var model: Model
+	redef fun to_s do return "bottom"
+	redef fun full_name do return "bottom"
+	redef fun c_name do return "bottom"
+	redef fun as_nullable do return model.null_type
+	redef fun as_notnull do return self
 	redef fun need_anchor do return false
 	redef fun resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule, cleanup_virtual) do return self
 	redef fun can_resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule) do return true
@@ -1601,6 +1744,15 @@ class MSignature
 	# The each parameter (in order)
 	var mparameters: Array[MParameter]
 
+	# Returns a parameter named `name`, if any.
+	fun mparameter_by_name(name: String): nullable MParameter
+	do
+		for p in mparameters do
+			if p.name == name then return p
+		end
+		return null
+	end
+
 	# The return type (null for a procedure)
 	var return_mtype: nullable MType
 
@@ -1646,9 +1798,25 @@ class MSignature
 	# Example: for "(a: Int, b: Bool..., c: Char)" #-> vararg_rank=1
 	var vararg_rank: Int is noinit
 
-	# The number or parameters
+	# The number of parameters
 	fun arity: Int do return mparameters.length
 
+	# The number of non-default parameters
+	#
+	# The number of default parameters is then `arity-min_arity`.
+	#
+	# Note that there cannot be both varargs and default prameters, thus
+	# if `vararg_rank != -1` then `min_arity` == `arity`
+	fun min_arity: Int
+	do
+		if vararg_rank != -1 then return arity
+		var res = 0
+		for p in mparameters do
+			if not p.is_default then res += 1
+		end
+		return res
+	end
+
 	redef fun to_s
 	do
 		var b = new FlatBuffer
@@ -1702,6 +1870,9 @@ class MParameter
 	# Is the parameter a vararg?
 	var is_vararg: Bool
 
+	# Is the parameter a default one?
+	var is_default: Bool
+
 	redef fun to_s
 	do
 		if is_vararg then
@@ -1717,7 +1888,7 @@ class MParameter
 	do
 		if not self.mtype.need_anchor then return self
 		var newtype = self.mtype.resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule, cleanup_virtual)
-		var res = new MParameter(self.name, newtype, self.is_vararg)
+		var res = new MParameter(self.name, newtype, self.is_vararg, self.is_default)
 		return res
 	end
 
@@ -1805,7 +1976,7 @@ abstract class MProperty
 	fun lookup_definitions(mmodule: MModule, mtype: MType): Array[MPROPDEF]
 	do
 		assert not mtype.need_anchor
-		mtype = mtype.as_notnullable
+		mtype = mtype.undecorate
 
 		var cache = self.lookup_definitions_cache[mmodule, mtype]
 		if cache != null then return cache
@@ -1845,7 +2016,7 @@ abstract class MProperty
 	fun lookup_super_definitions(mmodule: MModule, mtype: MType): Array[MPROPDEF]
 	do
 		assert not mtype.need_anchor
-		mtype = mtype.as_notnullable
+		mtype = mtype.undecorate
 
 		# First, select all candidates
 		var candidates = new Array[MPROPDEF]
@@ -1923,7 +2094,7 @@ abstract class MProperty
 	# REQUIRE: `mtype.has_mproperty(mmodule, self)`
 	fun lookup_all_definitions(mmodule: MModule, mtype: MType): Array[MPROPDEF]
 	do
-		mtype = mtype.as_notnullable
+		mtype = mtype.undecorate
 
 		var cache = self.lookup_all_definitions_cache[mmodule, mtype]
 		if cache != null then return cache