1 # This file is part of NIT ( http://www.nitlanguage.org ).
3 # Copyright 2004-2008 Jean Privat <jean@pryen.org>
4 # Copyright 2008 Floréal Morandat <morandat@lirmm.fr>
5 # Copyright 2008 Jean-Sébastien Gélinas <calestar@gmail.com>
7 # This file is free software, which comes along with NIT. This software is
8 # distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY;
9 # without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A
10 # PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You can modify it is you want, provided this header
11 # is kept unaltered, and a notification of the changes is added.
12 # You are allowed to redistribute it and sell it, alone or is a part of
15 # File manipulations (create, read, write, etc.)
19 intrude import text
::ropes
27 #include <sys/types.h>
43 # `Stream` used to interact with a File or FileDescriptor
44 abstract class FileStream
46 # The path of the file.
47 var path
: nullable String = null
50 private var file
: nullable NativeFile = null
52 # The status of a file. see POSIX stat(2).
54 # var f = new FileReader.open("/etc/issue")
55 # assert f.file_stat.is_file
57 # Return null in case of error
58 fun file_stat
: nullable FileStat
60 var stat
= _file
.as(not null).file_stat
61 if stat
.address_is_null
then return null
62 return new FileStat(stat
)
65 # File descriptor of this file
66 fun fd
: Int do return _file
.as(not null).fileno
71 if file
== null then return
72 if file
.address_is_null
then
73 if last_error
!= null then return
74 last_error
= new IOError("Cannot close unopened file")
79 last_error
= new IOError("Close failed due to error {sys.errno.strerror}")
84 # Sets the buffering mode for the current FileStream
86 # If the buf_size is <= 0, its value will be 512 by default
88 # The mode is any of the buffer_mode enumeration in `Sys`:
90 # * `buffer_mode_full`
91 # * `buffer_mode_line`
92 # * `buffer_mode_none`
93 fun set_buffering_mode
(buf_size
, mode
: Int) do
94 if buf_size
<= 0 then buf_size
= 512
95 if _file
.as(not null).set_buffering_type
(buf_size
, mode
) != 0 then
96 last_error
= new IOError("Error while changing buffering type for FileStream, returned error {sys.errno.strerror}")
101 # `Stream` that can read from a File
108 # Open the same file again.
109 # The original path is reused, therefore the reopened file can be a different file.
111 # var f = new FileReader.open("/etc/issue")
112 # var l = f.read_line
114 # assert l == f.read_line
117 if not eof
and not _file
.as(not null).address_is_null
then close
119 _file
= new NativeFile.io_open_read
(path
.as(not null).to_cstring
)
120 if _file
.as(not null).address_is_null
then
121 last_error
= new IOError("Cannot open `{path.as(not null)}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
136 redef fun fill_buffer
138 var nb
= _file
.as(not null).io_read
(_buffer
, _buffer_capacity
)
139 if last_error
== null and _file
.as(not null).ferror
then
140 last_error
= new IOError("Cannot read `{path.as(not null)}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
152 redef var end_reached
= false
154 # Open the file at `path` for reading.
156 # var f = new FileReader.open("/etc/issue")
157 # assert not f.end_reached
160 # In case of error, `last_error` is set
162 # f = new FileReader.open("/fail/does not/exist")
163 # assert f.end_reached
164 # assert f.last_error != null
165 init open
(path
: String)
169 _file
= new NativeFile.io_open_read
(path
.to_cstring
)
170 if _file
.as(not null).address_is_null
then
171 last_error
= new IOError("Cannot open `{path}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
176 # Creates a new File stream from a file descriptor
178 # This is a low-level method.
179 init from_fd
(fd
: Int) do
182 _file
= fd
.fd_to_stream
(read_only
)
183 if _file
.as(not null).address_is_null
then
184 last_error
= new IOError("Error: Converting fd {fd} to stream failed with '{sys.errno.strerror}'")
191 var res
= native_poll_in
(fd
)
193 last_error
= new IOError(errno
.to_s
)
198 private fun native_poll_in
(fd
: Int): Int `{
200 struct pollfd fds = {(int)fd, POLLIN, 0};
201 return poll(&fds, 1, 0);
208 # `Stream` that can write to a File
213 redef fun write_bytes
(s
) do
214 if last_error
!= null then return
215 if not _is_writable
then
216 last_error
= new IOError("cannot write to non-writable stream")
219 write_native
(s
.items
, 0, s
.length
)
224 if last_error
!= null then return
225 if not _is_writable
then
226 last_error
= new IOError("cannot write to non-writable stream")
229 s
.write_native_to
(self)
232 redef fun write_byte
(value
)
234 if last_error
!= null then return
235 if not _is_writable
then
236 last_error
= new IOError("Cannot write to non-writable stream")
239 if _file
.as(not null).address_is_null
then
240 last_error
= new IOError("Writing on a null stream")
245 var err
= _file
.as(not null).write_byte
(value
)
248 last_error
= new IOError("Problem writing a byte: {err}")
257 redef var is_writable
= false
259 # Write `len` bytes from `native`.
260 private fun write_native
(native
: CString, from
, len
: Int)
262 if last_error
!= null then return
263 if not _is_writable
then
264 last_error
= new IOError("Cannot write to non-writable stream")
267 if _file
.as(not null).address_is_null
then
268 last_error
= new IOError("Writing on a null stream")
272 var err
= _file
.as(not null).io_write
(native
, from
, len
)
275 last_error
= new IOError("Problem in writing : {err} {len} \n")
279 # Open the file at `path` for writing.
280 init open
(path
: String)
282 _file
= new NativeFile.io_open_write
(path
.to_cstring
)
285 if _file
.as(not null).address_is_null
then
286 last_error
= new IOError("Cannot open `{path}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
291 # Creates a new File stream from a file descriptor
292 init from_fd
(fd
: Int) do
294 _file
= fd
.fd_to_stream
(wipe_write
)
296 if _file
.as(not null).address_is_null
then
297 last_error
= new IOError("Error: Opening stream from file descriptor {fd} failed with '{sys.errno.strerror}'")
304 # Creates a file stream from a file descriptor `fd` using the file access `mode`.
306 # NOTE: The `mode` specified must be compatible with the one used in the file descriptor.
307 private fun fd_to_stream
(mode
: CString): NativeFile `{
308 return fdopen((int)self, mode);
312 # Constant for read-only file streams
313 private fun read_only
: CString do return once
"r".to_cstring
315 # Constant for write-only file streams
317 # If a stream is opened on a file with this method,
318 # it will wipe the previous file if any.
319 # Else, it will create the file.
320 private fun wipe_write
: CString do return once
"w".to_cstring
322 ###############################################################################
324 # Standard input stream.
326 # The class of the default value of `sys.stdin`.
331 _file
= new NativeFile.native_stdin
337 # Standard output stream.
339 # The class of the default value of `sys.stdout`.
343 _file
= new NativeFile.native_stdout
346 set_buffering_mode
(256, sys
.buffer_mode_line
)
350 # Standard error stream.
352 # The class of the default value of `sys.stderr`.
356 _file
= new NativeFile.native_stderr
362 ###############################################################################
365 # Like `write_to` but take care of creating the file
366 fun write_to_file
(filepath
: String)
368 var stream
= new FileWriter.open
(filepath
)
374 # Utility class to access file system services.
376 # Usually created with `Text::to_path`.
378 # `Path` objects does not necessarily represent existing files in a file system.
379 # They are sate-less objects that efficiently represent path information.
380 # They also provide an easy to use API on file-system services and are used to store their error status (see `last_error`)
383 private var path
: String
386 redef fun to_s
do return path
388 # Short name of the file at `to_s`
391 # var path = "/tmp/somefile".to_path
392 # assert path.filename == "somefile"
395 # The result does not depend of the file system, thus is cached for efficiency.
396 var filename
: String = path
.basename
is lazy
398 # The path simplified by removing useless `.`, removing `//`, and resolving `..`
401 # var path = "somedir/./tmp/../somefile".to_path
402 # assert path.simplified.to_s == "somedir/somefile"
405 # See `String:simplify_path` for details.
407 # The result does not depend of the file system, thus is cached for efficiency.
408 var simplified
: Path is lazy
do
409 var res
= path
.simplify_path
.to_path
414 # Return the directory part of the path.
417 # var path = "/foo/bar/baz".to_path
418 # assert path.dir.to_s == "/foo/bar"
419 # assert path.dir.dir.to_s == "/foo"
420 # assert path.dir.dir.dir.to_s == "/"
423 # See `String:dirname` for details.
425 # The result does not depend of the file system, thus is cached for efficiency.
426 var dir
: Path is lazy
do
427 return path
.dirname
.to_path
430 # Last error produced by I/O operations.
433 # var path = "/does/not/exists".to_path
434 # assert path.last_error == null
436 # assert path.last_error != null
439 # Since `Path` objects are stateless, `last_error` is reset on most operations and reflect its status.
440 var last_error
: nullable IOError = null is writable
442 # Does the file at `path` exists?
444 # If the file does not exists, `last_error` is set to the information.
445 fun exists
: Bool do return stat
!= null
447 # Information on the file at `self` following symbolic links
449 # Returns `null` if there is no file at `self`.
450 # `last_error` is updated to contains the error information on error, and null on success.
452 # assert "/etc/".to_path.stat.is_dir
453 # assert "/etc/issue".to_path.stat.is_file
454 # assert "/fail/does not/exist".to_path.stat == null
457 # var p = "/tmp/".to_path
459 # if stat != null then # Does `p` exist?
460 # print "It's size is {stat.size}"
461 # if stat.is_dir then print "It's a directory"
463 # print p.last_error.to_s
466 fun stat
: nullable FileStat
468 var stat
= path
.to_cstring
.file_stat
469 if stat
.address_is_null
then
470 last_error
= new IOError("Cannot open `{path}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
474 return new FileStat(stat
)
477 # Information on the file or link at `self`
479 # Do not follow symbolic links.
480 fun link_stat
: nullable FileStat
482 var stat
= path
.to_cstring
.file_lstat
483 if stat
.address_is_null
then
484 last_error
= new IOError("Cannot open `{path}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
488 return new FileStat(stat
)
491 # Delete a file from the file system.
493 # `last_error` is updated to contains the error information on error, and null on success.
496 var res
= path
.to_cstring
.file_delete
498 last_error
= new IOError("Cannot delete `{path}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
504 # Copy content of file at `path` to `dest`.
506 # `last_error` is updated to contains the error information on error, and null on success.
511 var output
= dest
.open_wo
513 while not input
.eof
do
514 var buffer
= input
.read_bytes
(1024)
515 output
.write_bytes buffer
520 last_error
= input
.last_error
or else output
.last_error
523 # Open this file for reading.
526 # var file = "/etc/issue".to_path.open_ro
527 # print file.read_line
531 # Note that it is the user's responsibility to close the stream.
532 # Therefore, for simple use case, look at `read_all` or `each_line`.
534 # ENSURE `last_error == result.last_error`
535 fun open_ro
: FileReader
537 var res
= new FileReader.open
(path
)
538 last_error
= res
.last_error
542 # Open this file for writing
545 # var file = "bla.log".to_path.open_wo
546 # file.write "Blabla\n"
550 # Note that it is the user's responsibility to close the stream.
551 # Therefore, for simple use case, look at `Writable::write_to_file`.
553 # ENSURE `last_error == result.last_error`
554 fun open_wo
: FileWriter
556 var res
= new FileWriter.open
(path
)
557 last_error
= res
.last_error
561 # Read all the content of the file as a string.
564 # var content = "/etc/issue".to_path.read_all
568 # `last_error` is updated to contains the error information on error, and null on success.
569 # In case of error, the result might be empty or truncated.
571 # See `Reader::read_all` for details.
572 fun read_all
: String do return read_all_bytes
.to_s
574 # Read all the content on the file as a raw sequence of bytes.
577 # var content = "/etc/issue".to_path.read_all_bytes
581 # `last_error` is updated to contains the error information on error, and null on success.
582 # In case of error, the result might be empty or truncated.
583 fun read_all_bytes
: Bytes
586 var res
= s
.read_all_bytes
588 last_error
= s
.last_error
592 # Read all the lines of the file
595 # var lines = "/etc/passwd".to_path.read_lines
597 # print "{lines.length} users"
600 # var fields = l.split(":")
601 # print "name={fields[0]} uid={fields[2]}"
605 # `last_error` is updated to contains the error information on error, and null on success.
606 # In case of error, the result might be empty or truncated.
608 # See `Reader::read_lines` for details.
609 fun read_lines
: Array[String]
612 var res
= s
.read_lines
614 last_error
= s
.last_error
618 # Return an iterator on each line of the file
621 # for l in "/etc/passwd".to_path.each_line do
622 # var fields = l.split(":")
623 # print "name={fields[0]} uid={fields[2]}"
627 # Note: the stream is automatically closed at the end of the file (see `LineIterator::close_on_finish`)
629 # `last_error` is updated to contains the error information on error, and null on success.
631 # See `Reader::each_line` for details.
632 fun each_line
: LineIterator
635 var res
= s
.each_line
636 res
.close_on_finish
= true
637 last_error
= s
.last_error
641 # Correctly join `self` with `subpath` using the directory separator.
643 # Using a standard "{self}/{path}" does not work in the following cases:
646 # * `path` starts with `'/'`.
648 # This method ensures that the join is valid.
650 # var hello = "hello".to_path
651 # assert (hello/"world").to_s == "hello/world"
652 # assert ("hel/lo".to_path / "wor/ld").to_s == "hel/lo/wor/ld"
653 # assert ("".to_path / "world").to_s == "world"
654 # assert (hello / "/world").to_s == "/world"
655 # assert ("hello/".to_path / "world").to_s == "hello/world"
656 fun /(subpath
: String): Path do return new Path(path
/ subpath
)
658 # Lists the files contained within the directory at `path`.
660 # var files = "/etc".to_path.files
661 # assert files.has("/etc/issue".to_path)
663 # `last_error` is updated to contains the error information on error, and null on success.
664 # In case of error, the result might be empty or truncated.
666 # var path = "/etc/issue".to_path
668 # assert files.is_empty
669 # assert path.last_error != null
670 fun files
: Array[Path]
673 var res
= new Array[Path]
674 var d
= new NativeDir.opendir
(path
.to_cstring
)
675 if d
.address_is_null
then
676 last_error
= new IOError("Cannot list directory `{path}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
682 if de
.address_is_null
then
683 # readdir cannot fail, so null means end of list
687 if name
== "." or name
== ".." then continue
695 # Is `self` the path to an existing directory ?
698 # assert ".".to_path.is_dir
699 # assert not "/etc/issue".to_path.is_dir
700 # assert not "/should/not/exist".to_path.is_dir
704 if st
== null then return false
708 # Recursively delete a directory and all of its content
710 # Does not go through symbolic links and may get stuck in a cycle if there
711 # is a cycle in the file system.
713 # `last_error` is updated with the first encountered error, or null on success.
714 # The method does not stop on the first error and tries to remove the most files and directories.
717 # var path = "/does/not/exists/".to_path
719 # assert path.last_error != null
721 # path = "/tmp/path/to/create".to_path
725 # assert path.last_error == null
729 var first_error
= null
730 for file
in self.files
do
731 var stat
= file
.link_stat
733 if first_error
== null then first_error
= file
.last_error
742 if first_error
== null then first_error
= file
.last_error
745 # Delete the directory itself if things are fine
746 if first_error
== null then
747 if not path
.to_cstring
.rmdir
then
748 first_error
= new IOError("Cannot remove `{self}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
751 self.last_error
= first_error
754 redef fun ==(other
) do return other
isa Path and simplified
.path
== other
.simplified
.path
755 redef fun hash
do return simplified
.path
.hash
758 # Information on a file
760 # Created by `Path::stat` and `Path::link_stat`.
762 # The information within this class is gathered when the instance is initialized
763 # it will not be updated if the targeted file is modified.
769 # The low-level status of a file
772 private var stat
: NativeFileStat
774 private var finalized
= false
778 if not finalized
then
784 # Returns the last access time in seconds since Epoch
785 fun last_access_time
: Int
791 # Returns the last access time
793 # alias for `last_access_time`
794 fun atime
: Int do return last_access_time
796 # Returns the last modification time in seconds since Epoch
797 fun last_modification_time
: Int
803 # Returns the last modification time
805 # alias for `last_modification_time`
806 fun mtime
: Int do return last_modification_time
809 # Size of the file at `path`
816 # Is self a regular file and not a device file, pipe, socket, etc.?
823 # Alias for `is_file`
824 fun is_reg
: Bool do return is_file
826 # Is this a directory?
833 # Is this a symbolic link?
840 # FIXME Make the following POSIX only? or implement in some other way on Windows
842 # Returns the last status change time in seconds since Epoch
843 fun last_status_change_time
: Int
849 # Returns the last status change time
851 # alias for `last_status_change_time`
852 fun ctime
: Int do return last_status_change_time
854 # Returns the permission bits of file
861 # Is this a character device?
868 # Is this a block device?
875 # Is this a FIFO pipe?
882 # Is this a UNIX socket
891 # Access file system related services on the path at `self`
892 fun to_path
: Path do return new Path(to_s
)
894 private fun write_native_to
(s
: FileWriter)
896 for i
in substrings
do s
.write_native
(i
.to_cstring
, 0, i
.byte_length
)
899 # return true if a file with this names exists
900 fun file_exists
: Bool do return to_cstring
.file_exists
904 # The status of a file. see POSIX stat(2).
905 fun file_stat
: nullable FileStat
907 var stat
= to_cstring
.file_stat
908 if stat
.address_is_null
then return null
909 return new FileStat(stat
)
912 # The status of a file or of a symlink. see POSIX lstat(2).
913 fun file_lstat
: nullable FileStat
915 var stat
= to_cstring
.file_lstat
916 if stat
.address_is_null
then return null
917 return new FileStat(stat
)
920 # Remove a file, return true if success
921 fun file_delete
: Bool do return to_cstring
.file_delete
923 # Copy content of file at `self` to `dest`
924 fun file_copy_to
(dest
: String) do to_path
.copy
(dest
.to_path
)
926 # Remove the trailing `extension`.
928 # `extension` usually starts with a dot but could be anything.
930 # assert "file.txt".strip_extension(".txt") == "file"
931 # assert "file.txt".strip_extension("le.txt") == "fi"
932 # assert "file.txt".strip_extension("xt") == "file.t"
934 # If `extension == null`, the rightmost extension is stripped, including the last dot.
936 # assert "file.txt".strip_extension == "file"
938 # If `extension` is not present, `self` is returned unmodified.
940 # assert "file.txt".strip_extension(".tar.gz") == "file.txt"
941 fun strip_extension
(extension
: nullable String): String
943 if extension
== null then
944 extension
= file_extension
945 if extension
== null then
947 else extension
= ".{extension}"
950 if has_suffix
(extension
) then
951 return substring
(0, length
- extension
.length
)
956 # Extract the basename of a path and strip the `extension`
958 # The extension is stripped only if `extension != null`.
960 # assert "/path/to/a_file.ext".basename(".ext") == "a_file"
961 # assert "path/to/a_file.ext".basename(".ext") == "a_file"
962 # assert "path/to/a_file.ext".basename == "a_file.ext"
963 # assert "path/to".basename(".ext") == "to"
964 # assert "path/to/".basename(".ext") == "to"
965 # assert "path/to".basename == "to"
966 # assert "path".basename == "path"
967 # assert "/path".basename == "path"
968 # assert "/".basename == "/"
969 # assert "".basename == ""
971 # On Windows, '\' are replaced by '/':
974 # assert "C:\\path\\to\\a_file.ext".basename(".ext") == "a_file"
975 # assert "C:\\".basename == "C:"
977 fun basename
(extension
: nullable String): String
980 if is_windows
then n
= n
.replace
("\\", "/")
982 var l
= length
- 1 # Index of the last char
983 while l
> 0 and self.chars
[l
] == '/' do l
-= 1 # remove all trailing `/`
984 if l
== 0 then return "/"
985 var pos
= chars
.last_index_of_from
('/', l
)
987 n
= substring
(pos
+1, l-pos
)
990 if extension
!= null then
991 return n
.strip_extension
(extension
)
995 # Extract the dirname of a path
997 # assert "/path/to/a_file.ext".dirname == "/path/to"
998 # assert "path/to/a_file.ext".dirname == "path/to"
999 # assert "path/to".dirname == "path"
1000 # assert "path/to/".dirname == "path"
1001 # assert "path".dirname == "."
1002 # assert "/path".dirname == "/"
1003 # assert "/".dirname == "/"
1004 # assert "".dirname == "."
1006 # On Windows, '\' are replaced by '/':
1009 # assert "C:\\path\\to\\a_file.ext".dirname == "C:/path/to"
1010 # assert "C:\\file".dirname == "C:"
1015 if is_windows
then s
= s
.replace
("\\", "/")
1017 var l
= length
- 1 # Index of the last char
1018 while l
> 0 and s
.chars
[l
] == '/' do l
-= 1 # remove all trailing `/`
1019 var pos
= s
.chars
.last_index_of_from
('/', l
)
1021 return s
.substring
(0, pos
)
1022 else if pos
== 0 then
1029 # Return the canonicalized absolute pathname (see POSIX function `realpath`)
1031 # Require: `file_exists`
1032 fun realpath
: String do
1033 var cs
= to_cstring
.file_realpath
1040 # Simplify a file path by remove useless `.`, removing `//`, and resolving `..`
1042 # * `..` are not resolved if they start the path
1043 # * starting `.` is simplified unless the path is empty
1044 # * starting `/` is not removed
1045 # * trailing `/` is removed
1047 # Note that the method only work on the string:
1049 # * no I/O access is performed
1050 # * the validity of the path is not checked
1053 # assert "some/./complex/../../path/from/../to/a////file//".simplify_path == "path/to/a/file"
1054 # assert "../dir/file".simplify_path == "../dir/file"
1055 # assert "dir/../../".simplify_path == ".."
1056 # assert "dir/..".simplify_path == "."
1057 # assert "//absolute//path/".simplify_path == "/absolute/path"
1058 # assert "//absolute//../".simplify_path == "/"
1059 # assert "/".simplify_path == "/"
1060 # assert "../".simplify_path == ".."
1061 # assert "./".simplify_path == "."
1062 # assert "././././././".simplify_path == "."
1063 # assert "./../dir".simplify_path == "../dir"
1064 # assert "./dir".simplify_path == "dir"
1067 # On Windows, '\' are replaced by '/':
1070 # assert "C:\\some\\.\\complex\\../../path/to/a_file.ext".simplify_path == "C:/path/to/a_file.ext"
1071 # assert "C:\\".simplify_path == "C:"
1073 fun simplify_path
: String
1076 if is_windows
then s
= s
.replace
("\\", "/")
1077 var a
= s
.split_with
("/")
1078 var a2
= new Array[String]
1080 if x
== "." and not a2
.is_empty
then continue # skip `././`
1081 if x
== "" and not a2
.is_empty
then continue # skip `//`
1082 if x
== ".." and not a2
.is_empty
and a2
.last
!= ".." then
1083 if a2
.last
== "." then # do not skip `./../`
1084 a2
.pop
# reduce `./../` in `../`
1085 else # reduce `dir/../` in `/`
1089 else if not a2
.is_empty
and a2
.last
== "." then
1090 a2
.pop
# reduce `./dir` in `dir`
1094 if a2
.is_empty
then return "."
1095 if a2
.length
== 1 and a2
.first
== "" then return "/"
1099 # Correctly join two path using the directory separator.
1101 # Using a standard "{self}/{path}" does not work in the following cases:
1103 # * `self` is empty.
1104 # * `path` starts with `'/'`.
1106 # This method ensures that the join is valid.
1108 # assert "hello".join_path("world") == "hello/world"
1109 # assert "hel/lo".join_path("wor/ld") == "hel/lo/wor/ld"
1110 # assert "".join_path("world") == "world"
1111 # assert "hello".join_path("/world") == "/world"
1112 # assert "hello/".join_path("world") == "hello/world"
1113 # assert "hello/".join_path("/world") == "/world"
1115 # Note: You may want to use `simplify_path` on the result.
1117 # Note: This method works only with POSIX paths.
1118 fun join_path
(path
: String): String
1120 if path
.is_empty
then return self
1121 if self.is_empty
then return path
1122 if path
.chars
[0] == '/' then return path
1123 if self.last
== '/' then return "{self}{path}"
1124 return "{self}/{path}"
1127 # Convert the path (`self`) to a program name.
1129 # Ensure the path (`self`) will be treated as-is by POSIX shells when it is
1130 # used as a program name. In order to do that, prepend `./` if needed.
1132 # assert "foo".to_program_name == "./foo"
1133 # assert "/foo".to_program_name == "/foo"
1134 # assert "".to_program_name == "./" # At least, your shell will detect the error.
1135 fun to_program_name
: String do
1136 if self.has_prefix
("/") then
1143 # Alias for `join_path`
1145 # assert "hello" / "world" == "hello/world"
1146 # assert "hel/lo" / "wor/ld" == "hel/lo/wor/ld"
1147 # assert "" / "world" == "world"
1148 # assert "/hello" / "/world" == "/world"
1150 # This operator is quite useful for chaining changes of path.
1151 # The next one being relative to the previous one.
1155 # var c = "baz/foobar"
1156 # assert a/b/c == "/bar/baz/foobar"
1157 fun /(path
: String): String do return join_path
(path
)
1159 # Returns the relative path needed to go from `self` to `dest`.
1161 # assert "/foo/bar".relpath("/foo/baz") == "../baz"
1162 # assert "/foo/bar".relpath("/baz/bar") == "../../baz/bar"
1164 # If `self` or `dest` is relative, they are considered relatively to `getcwd`.
1166 # In some cases, the result is still independent of the current directory:
1168 # assert "foo/bar".relpath("..") == "../../.."
1170 # In other cases, parts of the current directory may be exhibited:
1172 # var p = "../foo/bar".relpath("baz")
1173 # var c = getcwd.basename
1174 # assert p == "../../{c}/baz"
1176 # For path resolution independent of the current directory (eg. for paths in URL),
1177 # or to use an other starting directory than the current directory,
1178 # just force absolute paths:
1180 # var start = "/a/b/c/d"
1181 # var p2 = (start/"../foo/bar").relpath(start/"baz")
1182 # assert p2 == "../../d/baz"
1185 # Neither `self` or `dest` has to be real paths or to exist in directories since
1186 # the resolution is only done with string manipulations and without any access to
1187 # the underlying file system.
1189 # If `self` and `dest` are the same directory, the empty string is returned:
1191 # assert "foo".relpath("foo") == ""
1192 # assert "foo/../bar".relpath("bar") == ""
1194 # The empty string and "." designate both the current directory:
1196 # assert "".relpath("foo/bar") == "foo/bar"
1197 # assert ".".relpath("foo/bar") == "foo/bar"
1198 # assert "foo/bar".relpath("") == "../.."
1199 # assert "/" + "/".relpath(".") == getcwd
1200 fun relpath
(dest
: String): String
1202 # TODO windows support
1204 var from
= (cwd
/self).simplify_path
.split
("/")
1205 if from
.last
.is_empty
then from
.pop
# case for the root directory
1206 var to
= (cwd
/dest
).simplify_path
.split
("/")
1207 if to
.last
.is_empty
then to
.pop
# case for the root directory
1209 # Remove common prefixes
1210 while not from
.is_empty
and not to
.is_empty
and from
.first
== to
.first
do
1215 # Result is going up in `from` with ".." then going down following `to`
1216 var from_len
= from
.length
1217 if from_len
== 0 then return to
.join
("/")
1218 var up
= "../"*(from_len-1
) + ".."
1219 if to
.is_empty
then return up
1220 var res
= up
+ "/" + to
.join
("/")
1224 # Create a directory (and all intermediate directories if needed)
1226 # The optional `mode` parameter specifies the permissions of the directory,
1227 # the default value is `0o777`.
1229 # Return an error object in case of error.
1231 # assert "/etc/".mkdir != null
1232 fun mkdir
(mode
: nullable Int): nullable Error
1234 mode
= mode
or else 0o777
1236 if is_windows
then s
= s
.replace
("\\", "/")
1238 var dirs
= s
.split_with
("/")
1239 var path
= new FlatBuffer
1240 if dirs
.is_empty
then return null
1241 if dirs
[0].is_empty
then
1242 # it was a starting /
1245 var error
: nullable Error = null
1246 for i
in [0 .. dirs
.length
- 1[ do
1248 if d
.is_empty
then continue
1251 if path
.file_exists
then continue
1252 var res
= path
.to_cstring
.file_mkdir
(mode
)
1253 if not res
and error
== null then
1254 error
= new IOError("Cannot create directory `{path}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
1257 var res
= s
.to_cstring
.file_mkdir
(mode
)
1258 if not res
and error
== null then
1259 error
= new IOError("Cannot create directory `{path}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
1264 # Delete a directory and all of its content, return `true` on success
1266 # Does not go through symbolic links and may get stuck in a cycle if there
1267 # is a cycle in the filesystem.
1269 # Return an error object in case of error.
1271 # assert "/fail/does not/exist".rmdir != null
1272 fun rmdir
: nullable Error
1279 # Change the current working directory
1282 # assert getcwd == "/etc"
1284 # assert getcwd == "/"
1286 # Return an error object in case of error.
1288 # assert "/etc".chdir == null
1289 # assert "/fail/does no/exist".chdir != null
1290 # assert getcwd == "/etc" # unchanger
1291 fun chdir
: nullable Error
1293 var res
= to_cstring
.file_chdir
1294 if res
then return null
1295 var error
= new IOError("Cannot change directory to `{self}`: {sys.errno.strerror}")
1299 # Return right-most extension (without the dot)
1301 # Only the last extension is returned.
1302 # There is no special case for combined extensions.
1304 # assert "file.txt".file_extension == "txt"
1305 # assert "file.tar.gz".file_extension == "gz"
1307 # For file without extension, `null` is returned.
1308 # Hoever, for trailing dot, `""` is returned.
1310 # assert "file".file_extension == null
1311 # assert "file.".file_extension == ""
1313 # The starting dot of hidden files is never considered.
1315 # assert ".file.txt".file_extension == "txt"
1316 # assert ".file".file_extension == null
1317 fun file_extension
: nullable String
1319 var last_slash
= chars
.last_index_of
('.')
1320 if last_slash
> 0 then
1321 return substring
( last_slash
+1, length
)
1327 # Returns entries contained within the directory represented by self.
1329 # var files = "/etc".files
1330 # assert files.has("issue")
1332 # Returns an empty array in case of error
1334 # files = "/etc/issue".files
1335 # assert files.is_empty
1337 # TODO find a better way to handle errors and to give them back to the user.
1338 fun files
: Array[String]
1340 var res
= new Array[String]
1341 var d
= new NativeDir.opendir
(to_cstring
)
1342 if d
.address_is_null
then return res
1346 if de
.address_is_null
then break
1348 if name
== "." or name
== ".." then continue
1357 redef class FlatString
1358 redef fun write_native_to
(s
)
1360 s
.write_native
(items
, first_byte
, byte_length
)
1363 redef fun file_extension
do
1367 var st
= _first_byte
1368 while p
>= st
and c
!= '.'.ascii
do
1372 if p
<= st
then return null
1374 return new FlatString.with_infos
(its
, ls
- p
, p
+ 1)
1377 redef fun basename
(extension
) do
1379 if is_windows
then s
= s
.replace
("\\", "/").as(FlatString)
1384 var min
= s
._first_byte
1386 while l
> min
and its
[l
] == sl
do l
-= 1
1387 if l
== min
then return "/"
1389 while ns
>= min
and its
[ns
] != sl
do ns
-= 1
1390 bname
= new FlatString.with_infos
(its
, l
- ns
, ns
+ 1)
1392 return if extension
!= null then bname
.strip_extension
(extension
) else bname
1397 private fun file_exists
: Bool `{
1399 DWORD attribs = GetFileAttributesA(self);
1400 return attribs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES;
1402 FILE *hdl = fopen(self,"r");
1410 private fun file_stat
: NativeFileStat `{
1412 if(stat(self, &buff) != -1) {
1413 struct stat* stat_element;
1414 stat_element = malloc(sizeof(struct stat));
1415 return memcpy(stat_element, &buff, sizeof(struct stat));
1420 private fun file_lstat
: NativeFileStat `{
1422 // FIXME use a higher level abstraction to support WIN32
1425 struct stat* stat_element;
1427 stat_element = malloc(sizeof(struct stat));
1428 res = lstat(self, stat_element);
1429 if (res == -1) return NULL;
1430 return stat_element;
1434 private fun file_mkdir
(mode
: Int): Bool `{
1436 return !mkdir(self);
1438 return !mkdir(self, mode);
1442 private fun rmdir
: Bool `{ return !rmdir(self); `}
1444 private fun file_delete: Bool `{
1445 return remove
(self) == 0;
1448 private fun file_chdir: Bool `{ return !chdir(self); `}
1450 private fun file_realpath
: CString `{
1452 DWORD len = GetFullPathName(self, 0, NULL, NULL);
1453 char *buf = malloc(len+1); // FIXME don't leak memory
1454 len = GetFullPathName(self, len+1, buf, NULL);
1457 return realpath(self, NULL);
1462 # This class is system dependent ... must reify the vfs
1463 private extern class NativeFileStat `{ struct stat * `}
1465 # Returns the permission bits of file
1466 fun mode: Int `{ return self->st_mode; `}
1468 # Returns the last access time
1469 fun atime
: Int `{ return self->st_atime; `}
1471 # Returns the last status change time
1472 fun ctime: Int `{ return self->st_ctime; `}
1474 # Returns the last modification time
1475 fun mtime
: Int `{ return self->st_mtime; `}
1478 fun size: Int `{ return self->st_size; `}
1480 # Returns true if it is a regular file (not a device file, pipe, sockect, ...)
1481 fun is_reg
: Bool `{ return S_ISREG(self->st_mode); `}
1483 # Returns true if it is a directory
1484 fun is_dir: Bool `{ return S_ISDIR(self->st_mode); `}
1486 # Returns true if it is a character device
1487 fun is_chr
: Bool `{ return S_ISCHR(self->st_mode); `}
1489 # Returns true if it is a block device
1490 fun is_blk: Bool `{ return S_ISBLK(self->st_mode); `}
1492 # Returns true if the type is fifo
1493 fun is_fifo
: Bool `{ return S_ISFIFO(self->st_mode); `}
1495 # Returns true if the type is a link
1500 return S_ISLNK(self-
>st_mode
);
1504 # Returns true if the type is a socket
1505 fun is_sock: Bool `{
1509 return S_ISSOCK(self-
>st_mode
);
1514 # Instance of this class are standard FILE * pointers
1515 private extern class NativeFile `{ FILE* `}
1516 fun io_read
(buf
: CString, len
: Int): Int `{
1517 return fread(buf, 1, len, self);
1520 fun io_write
(buf
: CString, from
, len
: Int): Int `{
1521 size_t res = fwrite(buf+from, 1, len, self);
1523 // Force flushing buffer because end of line does not trigger a flush
1529 fun write_byte
(value
: Byte): Int `{
1530 unsigned char b = (unsigned char)value;
1531 return fwrite(&b, 1, 1, self);
1534 fun io_close
: Int `{ return fclose(self); `}
1536 fun file_stat: NativeFileStat `{
1538 if(fstat
(fileno
(self), &buff
) != -1) {
1539 struct stat
* stat_element
;
1540 stat_element
= malloc
(sizeof
(struct stat
));
1541 return memcpy
(stat_element
, &buff
, sizeof
(struct stat
));
1546 fun ferror: Bool `{ return ferror(self); `}
1548 fun fileno
: Int `{ return fileno(self); `}
1550 # Flushes the buffer, forcing the write operation
1551 fun flush: Int `{ return fflush(self); `}
1553 # Used to specify how the buffering will be handled for the current stream.
1554 fun set_buffering_type
(buf_length
, mode
: Int): Int `{
1555 return setvbuf(self, NULL, (int)mode, buf_length);
1558 new io_open_read
(path
: CString) `{ return fopen(path, "r"); `}
1560 new io_open_write(path: CString) `{ return fopen(path, "w"); `}
1562 new native_stdin
`{ return stdin; `}
1564 new native_stdout `{ return stdout; `}
1566 new native_stderr
`{ return stderr; `}
1569 # Standard `DIR*` pointer
1570 private extern class NativeDir `{ DIR* `}
1573 new opendir
(path
: CString) `{ return opendir(path); `}
1576 fun closedir `{ closedir(self); `}
1578 # Read the next directory entry
1579 fun readdir
: CString `{
1582 if (!de) return NULL;
1590 var stdin
: PollableReader = new Stdin is protected writable, lazy
1593 var stdout
: Writer = new Stdout is protected writable, lazy
1595 # Standard output for errors
1596 var stderr
: Writer = new Stderr is protected writable, lazy
1598 # Enumeration for buffer mode full (flushes when buffer is full)
1599 fun buffer_mode_full
: Int `{ return _IOFBF; `}
1601 # Enumeration for buffer mode line (flushes when a `\n
` is encountered)
1602 fun buffer_mode_line: Int `{ return _IONBF; `}
1604 # Enumeration for buffer mode none (flushes ASAP when something is written)
1605 fun buffer_mode_none
: Int `{ return _IOLBF; `}
1607 # returns first available stream to read or write to
1608 # return null on interruption (possibly a signal)
1609 protected fun poll( streams : Sequence[FileStream] ) : nullable FileStream
1611 var in_fds = new Array[Int]
1612 var out_fds = new Array[Int]
1613 var fd_to_stream = new HashMap[Int,FileStream]
1616 if s isa FileReader then in_fds.add( fd )
1617 if s isa FileWriter then out_fds.add( fd )
1619 fd_to_stream[fd] = s
1622 var polled_fd = intern_poll( in_fds, out_fds )
1624 if polled_fd == null then
1627 return fd_to_stream[polled_fd]
1631 private fun intern_poll(in_fds: Array[Int], out_fds: Array[Int]): nullable Int
1632 import Array[Int].length, Array[Int].[], Int.as(nullable Int) `{
1634 // FIXME use a higher level abstraction to support
WIN32
1636 int in_len
, out_len
, total_len
;
1637 struct pollfd
*c_fds
;
1639 int first_polled_fd
= -1;
1642 in_len
= (int
)Array_of_Int_length( in_fds
);
1643 out_len
= (int
)Array_of_Int_length( out_fds
);
1644 total_len
= in_len
+ out_len
;
1645 c_fds
= malloc
( sizeof
(struct pollfd
) * total_len
);
1648 for ( i
=0; i
<in_len
; i
++ ) {
1649 int fd
= (int
)Array_of_Int__index( in_fds
, i
);
1652 c_fds
[i
].events
= POLLIN;
1655 /* output streams
*/
1656 for ( i
=0; i
<out_len
; i
++ ) {
1657 int fd
= (int
)Array_of_Int__index( out_fds
, i
);
1660 c_fds
[i
].events
= POLLOUT;
1663 /* poll all fds
, unlimited timeout
*/
1664 result
= poll
( c_fds
, total_len
, -1 );
1667 /* analyse results
*/
1668 for ( i
=0; i
<total_len
; i
++ )
1669 if ( c_fds
[i
].revents
& c_fds
[i
].events
|| /* awaited event
*/
1670 c_fds
[i
].revents
& POLLHUP ) /* closed
*/
1672 first_polled_fd
= c_fds
[i
].fd
;
1676 return Int_as_nullable( first_polled_fd
);
1678 else if ( result
< 0 )
1679 fprintf
( stderr
, "Error in Stream:poll: %s\n", strerror
( errno
) );
1687 # Print `objects
` on the standard output (`stdout
`).
1688 fun printn(objects: Object...)
1690 sys.stdout.write(objects.plain_to_s)
1693 # Print an `object
` on the standard output (`stdout
`) and add a newline.
1694 fun print(object: Object)
1696 sys.stdout.write(object.to_s)
1697 sys.stdout.write("\n")
1700 # Print `object
` on the error output (`stderr
` or a log system)
1701 fun print_error(object: Object)
1703 sys.stderr.write object.to_s
1704 sys.stderr.write "\n"
1707 # Read a character from the standard input (`stdin
`).
1710 var c = sys.stdin.read_char
1711 if c == null then return '\1'
1715 # Read a line from the standard input (`stdin
`).
1718 return sys.stdin.read_line
1721 # Return the working (current) directory
1722 fun getcwd: String do return native_getcwd.to_s
1724 private fun native_getcwd: CString `{ return getcwd(NULL, 0); `}