model: rewrite of MType::is_subtype
[nit.git] / src / separate_compiler.nit
index ee52841..eca7be0 100644 (file)
 module separate_compiler
 
 
-intrude import global_compiler # TODO better separation of concerns
-intrude import vft_computation
+import global_compiler # TODO better separation of concerns
+intrude import coloring
 redef class ToolContext
        # --separate
        var opt_separate: OptionBool = new OptionBool("Use separate compilation", "--separate")
 
+       # --no-inline-intern
+       var opt_no_inline_intern: OptionBool = new OptionBool("Do not inline call to intern methods", "--no-inline-intern")
+
        redef init
        do
                super
                self.option_context.add_option(self.opt_separate)
+               self.option_context.add_option(self.opt_no_inline_intern)
        end
 end
 
 redef class ModelBuilder
-       redef fun run_global_compiler(mainmodule: MModule, runtime_type_analysis: RapidTypeAnalysis)
-       do
-               # Hijack the run_global_compiler to run the separate one if requested.
-               if self.toolcontext.opt_separate.value then
-                       build_vft(mainmodule)
-                       run_separate_compiler(mainmodule, runtime_type_analysis)
-               else
-                       super
-               end
-       end
-
        fun run_separate_compiler(mainmodule: MModule, runtime_type_analysis: RapidTypeAnalysis)
        do
                var time0 = get_time
                self.toolcontext.info("*** COMPILING TO C ***", 1)
 
                var compiler = new SeparateCompiler(mainmodule, runtime_type_analysis, self)
-               var v = new SeparateCompilerVisitor(compiler)
+               var v = compiler.new_visitor
                compiler.header = v
                v.add_decl("#include <stdlib.h>")
                v.add_decl("#include <stdio.h>")
@@ -55,48 +48,52 @@ redef class ModelBuilder
                v.add_decl("#include <gc/gc.h>")
                v.add_decl("typedef void(*nitmethod_t)(void); /* general C type representing a Nit method. */")
                v.add_decl("typedef void* nitattribute_t; /* general C type representing a Nit attribute. */")
-               v.add_decl("struct class \{ nitmethod_t vft[1]; \}; /* general C type representing a Nit class. */")
-               v.add_decl("typedef struct \{ struct class *class; nitattribute_t attrs[1]; \} val; /* general C type representing a Nit instance. */")
 
-               # Class names (for the class_name and output_class_name methods)
+               # Class abstract representation
+               v.add_decl("struct class \{ int box_kind; nitmethod_t vft[1]; \}; /* general C type representing a Nit class. */")
+               # Type abstract representation
+               v.add_decl("struct type \{ int id; int color; int livecolor; short int is_nullable; struct vts_table *vts_table; struct fts_table *fts_table; int table_size; int type_table[1]; \}; /* general C type representing a Nit type. */")
+               v.add_decl("struct fts_table \{ struct type *fts[1]; \}; /* fts list of a C type representation. */")
+               v.add_decl("struct vts_table \{ struct type *vts[1]; \}; /* vts list of a C type representation. */")
+               # Instance abstract representation
+               v.add_decl("typedef struct \{ struct type *type; struct class *class; nitattribute_t attrs[1]; \} val; /* general C type representing a Nit instance. */")
 
-               v.add_decl("extern const char const * class_names[];")
-               v.add("const char const * class_names[] = \{")
-               for t in runtime_type_analysis.live_types do
-                       v.add("\"{t}\",")
-               end
-               v.add("\};")
+               compiler.compile_box_kinds
 
-               # The main function of the C
-
-               v = new SeparateCompilerVisitor(compiler)
-               v.add_decl("int glob_argc;")
-               v.add_decl("char **glob_argv;")
-               v.add_decl("val *glob_sys;")
-               v.add_decl("int main(int argc, char** argv) \{")
-               v.add("glob_argc = argc; glob_argv = argv;")
-               var main_type = mainmodule.sys_type
-               if main_type == null then return # Nothing to compile
-               var glob_sys = v.init_instance(main_type)
-               v.add("glob_sys = {glob_sys};")
-               var main_init = mainmodule.try_get_primitive_method("init", main_type)
-               if main_init != null then
-                       v.send(main_init, [glob_sys])
-               end
-               var main_method = mainmodule.try_get_primitive_method("main", main_type)
-               if main_method != null then
-                       v.send(main_method, [glob_sys])
-               end
-               v.add("\}")
+               # Declare global instances
+               v.add_decl("extern int glob_argc;")
+               v.add_decl("extern char **glob_argv;")
+               v.add_decl("extern val *glob_sys;")
 
+               # The main function of the C
+               compiler.compile_main_function
 
+               # compile class structures
                for m in mainmodule.in_importation.greaters do
-                       compiler.compile_module_to_c(m)
                        for mclass in m.intro_mclasses do
                                compiler.compile_class_to_c(mclass)
                        end
                end
 
+               # compile methods
+               for m in mainmodule.in_importation.greaters do
+                       compiler.compile_module_to_c(m)
+               end
+
+               # compile live & cast type structures
+               var mtypes = compiler.do_global_type_coloring
+               for t in mtypes do
+                       compiler.compile_type_to_c(t)
+               end
+
+               # compile live generic types selection structures
+               for mclass in model.mclasses do
+                       compiler.compile_live_gentype_to_c(mclass)
+               end
+
+               # for the class_name and output_class_name methods
+               compiler.compile_class_names
+
                write_and_make(compiler)
        end
 end
@@ -105,6 +102,200 @@ end
 class SeparateCompiler
        super GlobalCompiler # TODO better separation of concerns
 
+       private var undead_types: Set[MType] = new HashSet[MType]
+       protected var typeids: HashMap[MType, Int] protected writable = new HashMap[MType, Int]
+
+       private var type_colors: Map[MType, Int] = typeids
+       private var type_tables: nullable Map[MType, Array[nullable MType]] = null
+
+       private var livetypes_colors: nullable Map[MType, Int]
+       private var livetypes_tables: nullable Map[MClass, Array[nullable Object]]
+       private var livetypes_tables_sizes: nullable Map[MClass, Array[Int]]
+
+       protected var class_colors: Map[MClass, Int] protected writable
+
+       protected var method_colors: Map[MMethod, Int] protected writable
+       protected var method_tables: Map[MClass, Array[nullable MMethodDef]] protected writable
+
+       protected var attr_colors: Map[MAttribute, Int] protected writable
+       protected var attr_tables: Map[MClass, Array[nullable MAttributeDef]] protected writable
+
+       private var vt_colors: Map[MVirtualTypeProp, Int]
+       private var vt_tables: Map[MClass, Array[nullable MVirtualTypeDef]]
+
+       private var ft_colors: Map[MParameterType, Int]
+       private var ft_tables: Map[MClass, Array[nullable MParameterType]]
+
+       init(mainmodule: MModule, runtime_type_analysis: RapidTypeAnalysis, mmbuilder: ModelBuilder) do
+               # classes coloration
+               var class_coloring = new ClassColoring(mainmodule)
+               self.class_colors = class_coloring.colorize(mmbuilder.model.mclasses)
+
+               # methods coloration
+               var method_coloring = new MethodColoring(class_coloring)
+               self.method_colors = method_coloring.colorize
+               self.method_tables = method_coloring.build_property_tables
+
+               # attributes coloration
+               var attribute_coloring = new AttributeColoring(class_coloring)
+               self.attr_colors = attribute_coloring.colorize
+               self.attr_tables = attribute_coloring.build_property_tables
+
+               # vt coloration
+               var vt_coloring = new VTColoring(class_coloring)
+               self.vt_colors = vt_coloring.colorize
+               self.vt_tables = vt_coloring.build_property_tables
+
+               # fts coloration
+               var ft_coloring = new FTColoring(class_coloring)
+               self.ft_colors = ft_coloring.colorize
+               self.ft_tables = ft_coloring.build_ft_tables
+       end
+
+       fun compile_box_kinds
+       do
+               # Collect all bas box class
+               # FIXME: this is not completely fine with a separate compilation scheme
+               for classname in ["Int", "Bool", "Char", "Float", "NativeString", "Pointer"] do
+                       var classes = self.mainmodule.model.get_mclasses_by_name(classname)
+                       if classes == null then continue
+                       assert classes.length == 1 else print classes.join(", ")
+                       self.box_kinds[classes.first] = self.box_kinds.length + 1
+               end
+       end
+
+       var box_kinds = new HashMap[MClass, Int]
+
+       fun box_kind_of(mclass: MClass): Int
+       do
+               if mclass.mclass_type.ctype == "val*" then
+                       return 0
+               else if mclass.kind == extern_kind then
+                       return self.box_kinds[self.mainmodule.get_primitive_class("Pointer")]
+               else
+                       return self.box_kinds[mclass]
+               end
+
+       end
+
+       protected fun compile_class_names do
+
+               # Build type names table
+               var type_array = new Array[nullable MType]
+               for t, i in typeids do
+                       if i >= type_array.length then
+                               type_array[i] = null
+                       end
+                       type_array[i] = t
+               end
+
+               var v = self.new_visitor
+               self.header.add_decl("extern const char const * class_names[];")
+               v.add("const char const * class_names[] = \{")
+               for t in type_array do
+                       if t == null then
+                               v.add("NULL,")
+                       else
+                               v.add("\"{t}\",")
+                       end
+               end
+               v.add("\};")
+       end
+
+       # colorize live types of the program
+       private fun do_global_type_coloring: Set[MType] do
+               var mtypes = new HashSet[MType]
+               mtypes.add_all(self.runtime_type_analysis.live_types)
+               mtypes.add_all(self.runtime_type_analysis.live_cast_types)
+               mtypes.add_all(self.undead_types)
+
+               self.undead_types.clear
+               for mtype in mtypes do
+                       # add formal types arguments to mtypes
+                       if mtype isa MGenericType then
+                               for ft in mtype.arguments do
+                                       if ft.need_anchor then
+                                               print("Why do we need anchor here ?")
+                                               abort
+                                       end
+                                       self.undead_types.add(ft)
+                               end
+                       end
+                       var mclass_type: MClassType
+                       if mtype isa MNullableType then
+                               mclass_type = mtype.mtype.as(MClassType)
+                       else
+                               mclass_type = mtype.as(MClassType)
+                       end
+                       # add virtual types to mtypes
+                       for vt in self.vt_tables[mclass_type.mclass] do
+                               if vt != null then
+                                       var anchored = vt.bound.anchor_to(self.mainmodule, mclass_type)
+                                       self.undead_types.add(anchored)
+                               end
+                       end
+               end
+               mtypes.add_all(self.undead_types)
+
+               # set type unique id
+               for mtype in mtypes do
+                       self.typeids[mtype] = self.typeids.length
+               end
+
+               # colorize live entries
+               var entries_coloring = new LiveEntryColoring
+               self.livetypes_colors = entries_coloring.colorize(mtypes)
+               self.livetypes_tables = entries_coloring.build_livetype_tables(mtypes)
+               self.livetypes_tables_sizes = entries_coloring.livetypes_tables_sizes
+
+               # colorize types
+               var type_coloring = new TypeColoring(self.mainmodule, mtypes)
+               self.type_colors = type_coloring.colorize(mtypes)
+               self.type_tables = type_coloring.build_type_tables(mtypes, type_colors)
+
+               return mtypes
+       end
+
+       # declare live generic types tables selection
+       private fun compile_live_gentype_to_c(mclass: MClass) do
+               if mclass.arity > 0 then
+                       if self.livetypes_tables.has_key(mclass) then
+                               var table = self.livetypes_tables[mclass]
+                               var sign = self.livetypes_tables_sizes[mclass]
+                               var table_buffer = new Buffer.from("const struct type *livetypes_{mclass.c_name}[{sign.join("][")}] = \{\n")
+                               compile_livetype_table(table, table_buffer, 1, mclass.arity)
+                               table_buffer.append("\};")
+
+                               var v = new SeparateCompilerVisitor(self)
+                               self.header.add_decl("extern const struct type *livetypes_{mclass.c_name}[{sign.join("][")}];")
+                               v.add_decl(table_buffer.to_s)
+                       else
+                               var sign = new Array[Int].filled_with(0, mclass.arity)
+                               var v = new SeparateCompilerVisitor(self)
+                               self.header.add_decl("extern const struct type *livetypes_{mclass.c_name}[{sign.join("][")}];")
+                               v.add_decl("const struct type *livetypes_{mclass.c_name}[{sign.join("][")}];")
+                       end
+               end
+       end
+
+       private fun compile_livetype_table(table: Array[nullable Object], buffer: Buffer, depth: Int, max: Int) do
+               for obj in table do
+                       if obj == null then
+                               if depth == max then
+                                       buffer.append("NULL,\n")
+                               else
+                                       buffer.append("\{\},\n")
+                               end
+                       else if obj isa MClassType then
+                               buffer.append("(struct type*) &type_{obj.c_name}, /* {obj} */\n")
+                       else if obj isa Array[nullable Object] then
+                               buffer.append("\{\n")
+                               compile_livetype_table(obj, buffer, depth + 1, max)
+                               buffer.append("\},\n")
+                       end
+               end
+       end
+
        # Separately compile all the method definitions of the module
        fun compile_module_to_c(mmodule: MModule)
        do
@@ -114,8 +305,160 @@ class SeparateCompiler
                                #print "compile {pd} @ {cd} @ {mmodule}"
                                var r = new SeparateRuntimeFunction(pd)
                                r.compile_to_c(self)
+                               if true or cd.bound_mtype.ctype != "val*" then
+                                       var r2 = new VirtualRuntimeFunction(pd)
+                                       r2.compile_to_c(self)
+                               end
+                       end
+               end
+       end
+
+       # Globaly compile the type structure of a live type
+       fun compile_type_to_c(mtype: MType)
+       do
+               var c_name = mtype.c_name
+               var v = new SeparateCompilerVisitor(self)
+               v.add_decl("/* runtime type {mtype} */")
+
+               var mclass_type: MClassType
+               if mtype isa MNullableType then
+                       mclass_type = mtype.mtype.as(MClassType)
+               else
+                       mclass_type = mtype.as(MClassType)
+               end
+
+               # extern const struct type_X
+               self.header.add_decl("extern const struct type_{c_name} type_{c_name};")
+               self.header.add_decl("struct type_{c_name} \{")
+               self.header.add_decl("int id;")
+               self.header.add_decl("int color;")
+               self.header.add_decl("int livecolor;")
+               self.header.add_decl("short int is_nullable;")
+               self.header.add_decl("const struct vts_table_{c_name} *vts_table;")
+               self.header.add_decl("const struct fts_table_{c_name} *fts_table;")
+               self.header.add_decl("int table_size;")
+               self.header.add_decl("int type_table[{self.type_tables[mtype].length}];")
+               self.header.add_decl("\};")
+
+               # extern const struct vts_table_X vts_table_X
+               self.header.add_decl("extern const struct vts_table_{c_name} vts_table_{c_name};")
+               self.header.add_decl("struct vts_table_{c_name} \{")
+               self.header.add_decl("struct type *vts[{self.vt_tables[mclass_type.mclass].length}];")
+               self.header.add_decl("\};")
+
+               # extern const struct fst_table_X fst_table_X
+               self.header.add_decl("extern const struct fts_table_{c_name} fts_table_{c_name};")
+               self.header.add_decl("struct fts_table_{c_name} \{")
+               self.header.add_decl("struct type *fts[{self.ft_tables[mclass_type.mclass].length}];")
+               self.header.add_decl("\};")
+
+               # const struct type_X
+               v.add_decl("const struct type_{c_name} type_{c_name} = \{")
+               v.add_decl("{self.typeids[mtype]},")
+               v.add_decl("{self.type_colors[mtype]},")
+               v.add_decl("{self.livetypes_colors[mtype]},")
+               if mtype isa MNullableType then
+                       v.add_decl("1,")
+               else
+                       v.add_decl("0,")
+               end
+               v.add_decl("&vts_table_{c_name},")
+               v.add_decl("&fts_table_{c_name},")
+               v.add_decl("{self.type_tables[mtype].length},")
+               v.add_decl("\{")
+               for stype in self.type_tables[mtype] do
+                       if stype == null then
+                               v.add_decl("-1, /* empty */")
+                       else
+                               v.add_decl("{self.typeids[stype]}, /* {stype} */")
                        end
                end
+               v.add_decl("\},")
+               v.add_decl("\};")
+
+               build_fts_table(mtype, v)
+               build_vts_table(mtype, v)
+       end
+
+       # const struct fst_table_X fst_table_X
+       private fun build_fts_table(mtype: MType, v: SeparateCompilerVisitor) do
+               v.add_decl("const struct fts_table_{mtype.c_name} fts_table_{mtype.c_name} = \{")
+               v.add_decl("\{")
+
+               var mclass_type: MClassType
+               if mtype isa MNullableType then
+                       mclass_type = mtype.mtype.as(MClassType)
+               else
+                       mclass_type = mtype.as(MClassType)
+               end
+
+               for ft in self.ft_tables[mclass_type.mclass] do
+                       if ft == null then
+                               v.add_decl("NULL, /* empty */")
+                       else
+                               var ntype: MType
+                               if ft.mclass == mclass_type.mclass then
+                                       ntype = mclass_type.arguments[ft.rank]
+                               else
+                                       ntype = ft.anchor_to(self.mainmodule, mclass_type)
+                               end
+                               if self.typeids.has_key(ntype) then
+                                       v.add_decl("(struct type*)&type_{ntype.c_name}, /* {ft} ({ntype}) */")
+                               else
+                                       v.add_decl("NULL, /* empty ({ft} not a live type) */")
+                               end
+                       end
+               end
+               v.add_decl("\},")
+               v.add_decl("\};")
+       end
+
+       # const struct vts_table_X vts_table_X
+       private fun build_vts_table(mtype: MType, v: SeparateCompilerVisitor) do
+               v.add_decl("const struct vts_table_{mtype.c_name} vts_table_{mtype.c_name} = \{")
+               v.add_decl("\{")
+
+               var mclass_type: MClassType
+               if mtype isa MNullableType then
+                       mclass_type = mtype.mtype.as(MClassType)
+               else
+                       mclass_type = mtype.as(MClassType)
+               end
+
+               for vt in self.vt_tables[mclass_type.mclass] do
+                       if vt == null then
+                               v.add_decl("NULL, /* empty */")
+                       else
+                               var bound = vt.bound
+                               if bound == null then
+                                       #FIXME how can a bound be null here ?
+                                       print "No bound found for virtual type {vt} ?"
+                                       abort
+                               else
+                                       var ntype = bound
+                                       if ntype isa MNullableType then ntype = ntype.mtype
+                                       if ntype isa MVirtualType then
+                                               bound = ntype.anchor_to(self.mainmodule, mclass_type)
+                                       else if ntype isa MParameterType then
+                                               bound = ntype.anchor_to(self.mainmodule, mclass_type)
+                                       else if ntype isa MGenericType and bound.need_anchor then
+                                               bound = ntype.anchor_to(self.mainmodule, mclass_type)
+                                       else if ntype isa MClassType then
+                                       else
+                                               print "NOT YET IMPLEMENTED: mtype_to_livetype with type: {ntype}"
+                                               abort
+                                       end
+
+                                       if self.typeids.has_key(bound) then
+                                               v.add_decl("(struct type*)&type_{bound.c_name}, /* {ntype} */")
+                                       else
+                                               v.add_decl("NULL, /* dead type {ntype} */")
+                                       end
+                               end
+                       end
+               end
+               v.add_decl("\},")
+               v.add_decl("\};")
        end
 
        # Globally compile the table of the class mclass
@@ -123,82 +466,125 @@ class SeparateCompiler
        # In a true separate compiler (a with dynamic loading) you cannot do this unfortnally
        fun compile_class_to_c(mclass: MClass)
        do
-               var mtype = mclass.mclassdefs.first.bound_mtype
-               var c_name = mclass.mclass_type.c_name
+               var mtype = mclass.intro.bound_mtype
+               var c_name = mclass.c_name
 
+               var vft = self.method_tables[mclass]
+               var attrs = self.attr_tables[mclass]
                var v = new SeparateCompilerVisitor(self)
 
-               v.add_decl("/* runtime class {mtype} */")
+               v.add_decl("/* runtime class {c_name} */")
                var idnum = classids.length
                var idname = "ID_" + c_name
                self.classids[mtype] = idname
-               self.header.add_decl("#define {idname} {idnum} /* {mtype} */")
+               #self.header.add_decl("#define {idname} {idnum} /* {c_name} */")
 
                self.header.add_decl("struct class_{c_name} \{")
-               self.header.add_decl("nitmethod_t vft[{mclass.vft.length}];")
-
-               if mtype.ctype != "val*" then
-                       # Is the Nit type is native then the struct is a box with two fields:
-                       # * the `vft` to be polymorph
-                       # * the `value` that contains the native value.
-                       self.header.add_decl("{mtype.ctype} value;")
-               end
-
-               # Collect all attributes and associate them a field in the structure.
-               # Note: we do not try to optimize the order and helps CC to optimize the client code.
-               for cd in mtype.collect_mclassdefs(self.mainmodule) do
-                       for p in cd.intro_mproperties do
-                               if not p isa MAttribute then continue
-                               var t = p.intro.static_mtype.as(not null)
-                               t = t.anchor_to(self.mainmodule, mtype)
-                               self.header.add_decl("{t.ctype} {p.intro.c_name}; /* {p}: {t} */")
-                       end
-               end
+               self.header.add_decl("int box_kind;")
+               self.header.add_decl("nitmethod_t vft[{vft.length}];")
                self.header.add_decl("\};")
 
                # Build class vft
                self.header.add_decl("extern const struct class_{c_name} class_{c_name};")
                v.add_decl("const struct class_{c_name} class_{c_name} = \{")
+               v.add_decl("{self.box_kind_of(mclass)}, /* box_kind */")
                v.add_decl("\{")
-               for i in [0 .. mclass.vft.length[ do
-                       var mpropdef = mclass.vft[i]
+               for i in [0 .. vft.length[ do
+                       var mpropdef = vft[i]
                        if mpropdef == null then
                                v.add_decl("NULL, /* empty */")
                        else
-                               v.add_decl("(nitmethod_t){mpropdef.c_name}, /* pointer to {mclass.intro_mmodule}:{mclass}:{mpropdef} */")
+                               if true or mpropdef.mclassdef.bound_mtype.ctype != "val*" then
+                                       v.add_decl("(nitmethod_t)VIRTUAL_{mpropdef.c_name}, /* pointer to {mclass.intro_mmodule}:{mclass}:{mpropdef} */")
+                               else
+                                       v.add_decl("(nitmethod_t){mpropdef.c_name}, /* pointer to {mclass.intro_mmodule}:{mclass}:{mpropdef} */")
+                               end
                        end
                end
                v.add_decl("\}")
                v.add_decl("\};")
 
+               if mtype.ctype != "val*" then
+                       #Build instance struct
+                       self.header.add_decl("struct instance_{c_name} \{")
+                       self.header.add_decl("const struct type *type;")
+                       self.header.add_decl("const struct class *class;")
+                       self.header.add_decl("{mtype.ctype} value;")
+                       self.header.add_decl("\};")
+
+                       if not self.runtime_type_analysis.live_types.has(mtype) then return
+
+                       self.header.add_decl("val* BOX_{c_name}({mtype.ctype});")
+                       v.add_decl("/* allocate {mtype} */")
+                       v.add_decl("val* BOX_{mtype.c_name}({mtype.ctype} value) \{")
+                       v.add("struct instance_{c_name}*res = GC_MALLOC(sizeof(struct instance_{c_name}));")
+                       v.add("res->type = (struct type*) &type_{c_name};")
+                       v.add("res->class = (struct class*) &class_{c_name};")
+                       v.add("res->value = value;")
+                       v.add("return (val*)res;")
+                       v.add("\}")
+                       return
+               end
+
+               var is_native_array = mclass.name == "NativeArray"
+
+               var sig
+               if is_native_array then
+                       sig = "int length, struct type* type"
+               else
+                       sig = "struct type* type"
+               end
+
                #Build instance struct
-               v.add_decl("struct instance_{c_name} \{")
-               v.add_decl("struct class_{c_name} *vft;")
-               v.add_decl("nitattribute_t attrs[{mclass.attrs.length}];")
-               v.add_decl("\};")
+               #extern const struct instance_array__NativeArray instance_array__NativeArray;
+               self.header.add_decl("struct instance_{c_name} \{")
+               self.header.add_decl("const struct type *type;")
+               self.header.add_decl("const struct class *class;")
+               self.header.add_decl("nitattribute_t attrs[{attrs.length}];")
+               if is_native_array then
+                       # NativeArrays are just a instance header followed by an array of values
+                       self.header.add_decl("val* values[0];")
+               end
+               self.header.add_decl("\};")
 
-               if mtype.ctype != "val*" then return
 
-               self.header.add_decl("{mtype.ctype} NEW_{c_name}(void);")
+               self.header.add_decl("{mtype.ctype} NEW_{c_name}({sig});")
                v.add_decl("/* allocate {mtype} */")
-               v.add_decl("{mtype.ctype} NEW_{c_name}(void) \{")
-               var res = v.new_var(mtype)
+               v.add_decl("{mtype.ctype} NEW_{c_name}({sig}) \{")
+               var res = v.new_named_var(mtype, "self")
                res.is_exact = true
-               v.add("{res} = calloc(sizeof(struct instance_{c_name}), 1);")
+               if is_native_array then
+                       var mtype_elt = mtype.arguments.first
+                       v.add("{res} = GC_MALLOC(sizeof(struct instance_{c_name}) + length*sizeof({mtype_elt.ctype}));")
+               else
+                       v.add("{res} = GC_MALLOC(sizeof(struct instance_{c_name}));")
+               end
+               #v.add("{res} = calloc(sizeof(struct instance_{c_name}), 1);")
+               v.add("{res}->type = type;")
                v.add("{res}->class = (struct class*) &class_{c_name};")
 
-               for cd in mtype.collect_mclassdefs(self.mainmodule)
-               do
-                       var n = self.modelbuilder.mclassdef2nclassdef[cd]
-                       for npropdef in n.n_propdefs do
-                               if npropdef isa AAttrPropdef then
-                                       npropdef.init_expr(v, res)
-                               end
-                       end
-               end
+               self.generate_init_attr(v, res, mtype)
                v.add("return {res};")
                v.add("\}")
+
+               generate_check_init_instance(mtype)
+       end
+
+       redef fun generate_check_init_instance(mtype)
+       do
+               if self.modelbuilder.toolcontext.opt_no_check_initialization.value then return
+
+               var v = self.new_visitor
+               var c_name = mtype.mclass.c_name
+               var res = new RuntimeVariable("self", mtype, mtype)
+               self.header.add_decl("void CHECK_NEW_{c_name}({mtype.ctype});")
+               v.add_decl("/* allocate {mtype} */")
+               v.add_decl("void CHECK_NEW_{c_name}({mtype.ctype} {res}) \{")
+               self.generate_check_attr(v, res, mtype)
+               v.add("\}")
        end
+
+       redef fun new_visitor do return new SeparateCompilerVisitor(self)
 end
 
 # The C function associated to a methoddef separately compiled
@@ -217,17 +603,97 @@ class SeparateRuntimeFunction
                var mmethoddef = self.mmethoddef
 
                var recv = self.mmethoddef.mclassdef.bound_mtype
-               var v = new SeparateCompilerVisitor(compiler)
+               var v = compiler.new_visitor
                var selfvar = new RuntimeVariable("self", recv, recv)
                var arguments = new Array[RuntimeVariable]
                var frame = new Frame(v, mmethoddef, recv, arguments)
                v.frame = frame
 
+               var msignature = mmethoddef.msignature.resolve_for(mmethoddef.mclassdef.bound_mtype, mmethoddef.mclassdef.bound_mtype, mmethoddef.mclassdef.mmodule, true)
+
                var sig = new Buffer
                var comment = new Buffer
-               var ret = mmethoddef.msignature.return_mtype
+               var ret = msignature.return_mtype
+               if ret != null then
+                       sig.append("{ret.ctype} ")
+               else if mmethoddef.mproperty.is_new then
+                       ret = recv
+                       sig.append("{ret.ctype} ")
+               else
+                       sig.append("void ")
+               end
+               sig.append(self.c_name)
+               sig.append("({selfvar.mtype.ctype} {selfvar}")
+               comment.append("(self: {selfvar}")
+               arguments.add(selfvar)
+               for i in [0..msignature.arity[ do
+                       var mtype = msignature.mparameters[i].mtype
+                       if i == msignature.vararg_rank then
+                               mtype = v.get_class("Array").get_mtype([mtype])
+                       end
+                       comment.append(", {mtype}")
+                       sig.append(", {mtype.ctype} p{i}")
+                       var argvar = new RuntimeVariable("p{i}", mtype, mtype)
+                       arguments.add(argvar)
+               end
+               sig.append(")")
+               comment.append(")")
+               if ret != null then
+                       comment.append(": {ret}")
+               end
+               compiler.header.add_decl("{sig};")
+
+               v.add_decl("/* method {self} for {comment} */")
+               v.add_decl("{sig} \{")
+               if ret != null then
+                       frame.returnvar = v.new_var(ret)
+               end
+               frame.returnlabel = v.get_name("RET_LABEL")
+
+               if recv != arguments.first.mtype then
+                       #print "{self} {recv} {arguments.first}"
+               end
+               mmethoddef.compile_inside_to_c(v, arguments)
+
+               v.add("{frame.returnlabel.as(not null)}:;")
+               if ret != null then
+                       v.add("return {frame.returnvar.as(not null)};")
+               end
+               v.add("\}")
+       end
+end
+
+# The C function associated to a methoddef on a primitive type, stored into a VFT of a class
+# The first parameter (the reciever) is always typed by val* in order to accept an object value
+class VirtualRuntimeFunction
+       super AbstractRuntimeFunction
+
+       redef fun build_c_name: String
+       do
+               return "VIRTUAL_{mmethoddef.c_name}"
+       end
+
+       redef fun to_s do return self.mmethoddef.to_s
+
+       redef fun compile_to_c(compiler)
+       do
+               var mmethoddef = self.mmethoddef
+
+               var recv = self.mmethoddef.mclassdef.bound_mtype
+               var v = compiler.new_visitor
+               var selfvar = new RuntimeVariable("self", v.object_type, recv)
+               var arguments = new Array[RuntimeVariable]
+               var frame = new Frame(v, mmethoddef, recv, arguments)
+               v.frame = frame
+
+               var sig = new Buffer
+               var comment = new Buffer
+
+               # Because the function is virtual, the signature must match the one of the original class
+               var intromclassdef = self.mmethoddef.mproperty.intro.mclassdef
+               var msignature = mmethoddef.mproperty.intro.msignature.resolve_for(intromclassdef.bound_mtype, intromclassdef.bound_mtype, intromclassdef.mmodule, true)
+               var ret = msignature.return_mtype
                if ret != null then
-                       ret = v.resolve_for(ret, selfvar)
                        sig.append("{ret.ctype} ")
                else if mmethoddef.mproperty.is_new then
                        ret = recv
@@ -236,15 +702,14 @@ class SeparateRuntimeFunction
                        sig.append("void ")
                end
                sig.append(self.c_name)
-               sig.append("({recv.ctype} self")
-               comment.append("(self: {recv}")
+               sig.append("({selfvar.mtype.ctype} {selfvar}")
+               comment.append("(self: {selfvar}")
                arguments.add(selfvar)
-               for i in [0..mmethoddef.msignature.arity[ do
-                       var mtype = mmethoddef.msignature.mparameters[i].mtype
-                       if i == mmethoddef.msignature.vararg_rank then
+               for i in [0..msignature.arity[ do
+                       var mtype = msignature.mparameters[i].mtype
+                       if i == msignature.vararg_rank then
                                mtype = v.get_class("Array").get_mtype([mtype])
                        end
-                       mtype = v.resolve_for(mtype, selfvar)
                        comment.append(", {mtype}")
                        sig.append(", {mtype.ctype} p{i}")
                        var argvar = new RuntimeVariable("p{i}", mtype, mtype)
@@ -289,16 +754,16 @@ class SeparateCompilerVisitor
 
        redef fun adapt_signature(m: MMethodDef, args: Array[RuntimeVariable])
        do
+               var msignature = m.msignature.resolve_for(m.mclassdef.bound_mtype, m.mclassdef.bound_mtype, m.mclassdef.mmodule, true)
                var recv = args.first
                if recv.mtype.ctype != m.mclassdef.mclass.mclass_type.ctype then
                        args.first = self.autobox(args.first, m.mclassdef.mclass.mclass_type)
                end
-               for i in [0..m.msignature.arity[ do
-                       var t = m.msignature.mparameters[i].mtype
-                       if i == m.msignature.vararg_rank then
+               for i in [0..msignature.arity[ do
+                       var t = msignature.mparameters[i].mtype
+                       if i == msignature.vararg_rank then
                                t = args[i+1].mtype
                        end
-                       t = self.resolve_for(t, recv)
                        args[i+1] = self.autobox(args[i+1], t)
                end
        end
@@ -307,10 +772,12 @@ class SeparateCompilerVisitor
        # ENSURE: result.mtype.ctype == mtype.ctype
        redef fun autobox(value: RuntimeVariable, mtype: MType): RuntimeVariable
        do
-               if value.mtype.ctype == mtype.ctype then
+               if value.mtype == mtype then
                        return value
-               #else if value.mtype.ctype == "val*" then
-                       #return self.new_expr("((struct {mtype.c_name}*){value})->value /* autounbox from {value.mtype} to {mtype} */", mtype)
+               else if value.mtype.ctype == "val*" and mtype.ctype == "val*" then
+                       return value
+               else if value.mtype.ctype == "val*" then
+                       return self.new_expr("((struct instance_{mtype.c_name}*){value})->value; /* autounbox from {value.mtype} to {mtype} */", mtype)
                else if mtype.ctype == "val*" then
                        var valtype = value.mtype.as(MClassType)
                        var res = self.new_var(mtype)
@@ -319,11 +786,7 @@ class SeparateCompilerVisitor
                                self.add("printf(\"Dead code executed!\\n\"); exit(1);")
                                return res
                        end
-                       # Handles primitives C types
-                       if value.mtype.ctype != "val*" then
-                               self.add("{res} = (val*) (intptr_t) {value}; /* autobox from {value.mtype} to {mtype} */")      
-                       end
-                       #self.add("{res} = BOX_{valtype.c_name}({value}); /* autobox from {value.mtype} to {mtype} */")
+                       self.add("{res} = BOX_{valtype.c_name}({value}); /* autobox from {value.mtype} to {mtype} */")
                        return res
                else
                        # Bad things will appen!
@@ -336,41 +799,74 @@ class SeparateCompilerVisitor
 
        redef fun send(mmethod, arguments)
        do
-               if arguments.first.mtype.ctype != "val*" then
-                       assert arguments.first.mtype == arguments.first.mcasttype
-                       return self.monomorphic_send(mmethod, arguments.first.mtype, arguments)
+               if arguments.first.mcasttype.ctype != "val*" then
+                       return self.monomorphic_send(mmethod, arguments.first.mcasttype, arguments)
                end
 
                var res: nullable RuntimeVariable
-               var ret = mmethod.intro.msignature.return_mtype
+               var msignature = mmethod.intro.msignature.resolve_for(mmethod.intro.mclassdef.bound_mtype, mmethod.intro.mclassdef.bound_mtype, mmethod.intro.mclassdef.mmodule, true)
+               var ret = msignature.return_mtype
                if mmethod.is_new then
                        ret = arguments.first.mtype
                        res = self.new_var(ret)
                else if ret == null then
                        res = null
                else
-                       ret = self.resolve_for(ret, arguments.first)
                        res = self.new_var(ret)
                end
 
                var s = new Buffer
                var ss = new Buffer
-               var first = true
-               for a in arguments do
-                       if not first then
-                               s.append(", ")
-                               ss.append(", ")
+
+               var recv = arguments.first
+               s.append("val*")
+               ss.append("{recv}")
+               self.varargize(msignature, arguments)
+               for i in [0..msignature.arity[ do
+                       var a = arguments[i+1]
+                       var t = msignature.mparameters[i].mtype
+                       if i == msignature.vararg_rank then
+                               t = arguments[i+1].mcasttype
+                       end
+                       s.append(", {t.ctype}")
+                       a = self.autobox(a, t)
+                       ss.append(", {a}")
+               end
+
+               var consider_null = not self.compiler.modelbuilder.toolcontext.opt_no_check_other.value or mmethod.name == "==" or mmethod.name == "!="
+               var maybenull = recv.mcasttype isa MNullableType and consider_null
+               if maybenull then
+                       self.add("if ({recv} == NULL) \{")
+                       if mmethod.name == "==" then
+                               assert res != null
+                               var arg = arguments[1]
+                               if arg.mcasttype isa MNullableType then
+                                       self.add("{res} = ({arg} == NULL);")
+                               else if arg.mcasttype isa MNullType then
+                                       self.add("{res} = 1; /* is null */")
+                               else
+                                       self.add("{res} = 0; /* {arg.inspect} cannot be null */")
+                               end
+                       else if mmethod.name == "!=" then
+                               assert res != null
+                               var arg = arguments[1]
+                               if arg.mcasttype isa MNullableType then
+                                       self.add("{res} = ({arg} != NULL);")
+                               else if arg.mcasttype isa MNullType then
+                                       self.add("{res} = 0; /* is null */")
+                               else
+                                       self.add("{res} = 1; /* {arg.inspect} cannot be null */")
+                               end
                        else
-                               first = false
+                               self.add_abort("Reciever is null")
                        end
-                       s.append("{a.mtype.ctype}")
-                       ss.append("{a}")
+                       self.add("\} else \{")
                end
 
-               var color = mmethod.color.as(not null)
+               var color = self.compiler.as(SeparateCompiler).method_colors[mmethod]
                var r
                if ret == null then r = "void" else r = ret.ctype
-               var call = "(({r} (*)({s}))({arguments.first}->class->vft[{color}]))({ss})"
+               var call = "(({r} (*)({s}))({arguments.first}->class->vft[{color}]))({ss}) /* {mmethod} on {arguments.first.inspect}*/"
 
                if res != null then
                        self.add("{res} = {call};")
@@ -378,6 +874,10 @@ class SeparateCompilerVisitor
                        self.add("{call};")
                end
 
+               if maybenull then
+                       self.add("\}")
+               end
+
                return res
        end
 
@@ -391,10 +891,26 @@ class SeparateCompilerVisitor
                else if ret == null then
                        res = null
                else
-                       ret = self.resolve_for(ret, arguments.first)
+                       ret = ret.resolve_for(mmethoddef.mclassdef.bound_mtype, mmethoddef.mclassdef.bound_mtype, mmethoddef.mclassdef.mmodule, true)
                        res = self.new_var(ret)
                end
 
+               if self.compiler.modelbuilder.mpropdef2npropdef.has_key(mmethoddef) and
+               self.compiler.modelbuilder.mpropdef2npropdef[mmethoddef] isa AInternMethPropdef and
+               not compiler.modelbuilder.toolcontext.opt_no_inline_intern.value then
+                       var frame = new Frame(self, mmethoddef, recvtype, arguments)
+                       frame.returnlabel = self.get_name("RET_LABEL")
+                       frame.returnvar = res
+                       var old_frame = self.frame
+                       self.frame = frame
+                       self.add("\{ /* Inline {mmethoddef} ({arguments.join(",")}) */")
+                       mmethoddef.compile_inside_to_c(self, arguments)
+                       self.add("{frame.returnlabel.as(not null)}:(void)0;")
+                       self.add("\}")
+                       self.frame = old_frame
+                       return res
+               end
+
                # Autobox arguments
                self.adapt_signature(mmethoddef, arguments)
 
@@ -408,41 +924,386 @@ class SeparateCompilerVisitor
                return res
        end
 
+       redef fun isset_attribute(a, recv)
+       do
+               self.check_recv_notnull(recv)
+               var res = self.new_var(bool_type)
+               self.add("{res} = {recv}->attrs[{self.compiler.as(SeparateCompiler).attr_colors[a]}] != NULL; /* {a} on {recv.inspect}*/")
+               return res
+       end
+
        redef fun read_attribute(a, recv)
        do
+               self.check_recv_notnull(recv)
+
+               # What is the declared type of the attribute?
                var ret = a.intro.static_mtype.as(not null)
-               ret = self.resolve_for(ret, recv)
-               var res = self.new_var(ret)
-               # TODO
-               self.add("{res} = (val*) {recv}->attrs[{a.color.as(not null)}];")
-               return res
+               var intromclassdef = a.intro.mclassdef
+               ret = ret.resolve_for(intromclassdef.bound_mtype, intromclassdef.bound_mtype, intromclassdef.mmodule, true)
+
+               # Get the attribute or a box (ie. always a val*)
+               var cret = self.object_type.as_nullable
+               var res = self.new_var(cret)
+               res.mcasttype = ret
+               self.add("{res} = {recv}->attrs[{self.compiler.as(SeparateCompiler).attr_colors[a]}]; /* {a} on {recv.inspect} */")
+
+               # Check for Uninitialized attribute
+               if not ret isa MNullableType and not self.compiler.modelbuilder.toolcontext.opt_no_check_initialization.value then
+                       self.add("if ({res} == NULL) \{")
+                       self.add_abort("Uninitialized attribute {a.name}")
+                       self.add("\}")
+               end
+
+               # Return the attribute or its unboxed version
+               # Note: it is mandatory since we reuse the box on write, we do not whant that the box escapes
+               return self.autobox(res, ret)
        end
 
        redef fun write_attribute(a, recv, value)
        do
-               # TODO
-               self.add("{recv}->attrs[{a.color.as(not null)}] = {value};")
+               self.check_recv_notnull(recv)
+
+               # What is the declared type of the attribute?
+               var mtype = a.intro.static_mtype.as(not null)
+               var intromclassdef = a.intro.mclassdef
+               mtype = mtype.resolve_for(intromclassdef.bound_mtype, intromclassdef.bound_mtype, intromclassdef.mmodule, true)
+
+               # Adapt the value to the declared type
+               value = self.autobox(value, mtype)
+               var attr = "{recv}->attrs[{self.compiler.as(SeparateCompiler).attr_colors[a]}]"
+               if mtype.ctype != "val*" then
+                       assert mtype isa MClassType
+                       # The attribute is primitive, thus we store it in a box
+                       # The trick is to create the box the first time then resuse the box
+                       self.add("if ({attr} != NULL) \{")
+                       self.add("((struct instance_{mtype.c_name}*){attr})->value = {value}; /* {a} on {recv.inspect} */")
+                       self.add("\} else \{")
+                       value = self.autobox(value, self.object_type.as_nullable)
+                       self.add("{attr} = {value}; /* {a} on {recv.inspect} */")
+                       self.add("\}")
+               else
+                       # The attribute is not primitive, thus store it direclty
+                       self.add("{attr} = {value}; /* {a} on {recv.inspect} */")
+               end
+       end
+
+       # Build livetype structure retrieving
+       #ENSURE: mtype.need_anchor
+       fun retrieve_anchored_livetype(mtype: MGenericType, buffer: Buffer) do
+               assert mtype.need_anchor
+
+               var compiler = self.compiler.as(SeparateCompiler)
+               for ft in mtype.arguments do
+
+                       var ntype = ft
+                       var s: String = ""
+                       if ntype isa MNullableType then
+                               ntype = ntype.mtype
+                       end
+
+                       if ntype isa MParameterType then
+                               var ftcolor = compiler.ft_colors[ntype]
+                               buffer.append("[self->type->fts_table->fts[{ftcolor}]->livecolor]")
+                       else if ntype isa MVirtualType then
+                               var vtcolor = compiler.vt_colors[ntype.mproperty.as(MVirtualTypeProp)]
+                               buffer.append("[self->type->vts_table->vts[{vtcolor}]->livecolor]")
+                       else if ntype isa MGenericType and ntype.need_anchor then
+                               var bbuff = new Buffer
+                               retrieve_anchored_livetype(ntype, bbuff)
+                               buffer.append("[livetypes_{ntype.mclass.c_name}{bbuff.to_s}->livecolor]")
+                       else if ntype isa MClassType then
+                               compiler.undead_types.add(ft)
+                               buffer.append("[type_{ft.c_name}.livecolor]")
+                       else
+                               self.add("printf(\"NOT YET IMPLEMENTED: init_instance(%s, {mtype}).\\n\", \"{ft}\"); exit(1);")
+                       end
+               end
        end
 
        redef fun init_instance(mtype)
        do
-               mtype = self.anchor(mtype).as(MClassType)
-               var res = self.new_expr("NEW_{mtype.c_name}()", mtype)
-               return res
+               var compiler = self.compiler.as(SeparateCompiler)
+               if mtype isa MGenericType and mtype.need_anchor then
+                       var buff = new Buffer
+                       retrieve_anchored_livetype(mtype, buff)
+                       mtype = self.anchor(mtype).as(MClassType)
+                       return self.new_expr("NEW_{mtype.mclass.c_name}((struct type *) livetypes_{mtype.mclass.c_name}{buff.to_s})", mtype)
+               end
+               compiler.undead_types.add(mtype)
+               return self.new_expr("NEW_{mtype.mclass.c_name}((struct type *) &type_{mtype.c_name})", mtype)
        end
 
+       redef fun check_init_instance(value, mtype)
+       do
+               if self.compiler.modelbuilder.toolcontext.opt_no_check_initialization.value then return
+               self.add("CHECK_NEW_{mtype.mclass.c_name}({value});")
+       end
+
+
        redef fun type_test(value, mtype)
        do
+               var compiler = self.compiler.as(SeparateCompiler)
+
+               var recv = self.frame.arguments.first
+               var recv_boxed = self.autobox(recv, self.object_type)
+
                var res = self.new_var(bool_type)
-               # TODO
+
+               var cltype = self.get_name("cltype")
+               self.add_decl("int {cltype};")
+               var idtype = self.get_name("idtype")
+               self.add_decl("int {idtype};")
+
+               var is_nullable = self.get_name("is_nullable")
+               self.add_decl("short int {is_nullable};")
+
+               var boxed = self.autobox(value, self.object_type)
+
+               var ntype = mtype
+               if ntype isa MNullableType then
+                       ntype = ntype.mtype
+               end
+
+               if ntype isa MParameterType then
+                       var ftcolor = compiler.ft_colors[ntype]
+                       self.add("{cltype} = {recv_boxed}->type->fts_table->fts[{ftcolor}]->color;")
+                       self.add("{idtype} = {recv_boxed}->type->fts_table->fts[{ftcolor}]->id;")
+                       self.add("{is_nullable} = {recv_boxed}->type->fts_table->fts[{ftcolor}]->is_nullable;")
+               else if ntype isa MGenericType and ntype.need_anchor then
+                       var buff = new Buffer
+                       retrieve_anchored_livetype(ntype, buff)
+                       self.add("{cltype} = livetypes_{ntype.mclass.c_name}{buff.to_s}->color;")
+                       self.add("{idtype} = livetypes_{ntype.mclass.c_name}{buff.to_s}->id;")
+                       self.add("{is_nullable} = livetypes_{ntype.mclass.c_name}{buff.to_s}->is_nullable;")
+               else if ntype isa MClassType then
+                       compiler.undead_types.add(mtype)
+                       self.add("{cltype} = type_{mtype.c_name}.color;")
+                       self.add("{idtype} = type_{mtype.c_name}.id;")
+                       self.add("{is_nullable} = type_{mtype.c_name}.is_nullable;")
+               else if ntype isa MVirtualType then
+                       var vtcolor = compiler.vt_colors[ntype.mproperty.as(MVirtualTypeProp)]
+                       self.add("{cltype} = {recv_boxed}->type->vts_table->vts[{vtcolor}]->color;")
+                       self.add("{idtype} = {recv_boxed}->type->vts_table->vts[{vtcolor}]->id;")
+                       self.add("{is_nullable} = {recv_boxed}->type->vts_table->vts[{vtcolor}]->is_nullable;")
+               else
+                       self.add("printf(\"NOT YET IMPLEMENTED: type_test(%s, {mtype}).\\n\", \"{boxed.inspect}\"); exit(1);")
+               end
+
+               if mtype isa MNullableType then
+                       self.add("{is_nullable} = 1;")
+               end
+
+               # check color is in table
+               self.add("if({boxed} == NULL) \{")
+               self.add("{res} = {is_nullable};")
+               self.add("\} else \{")
+               self.add("if({cltype} >= {boxed}->type->table_size) \{")
+               self.add("{res} = 0;")
+               self.add("\} else \{")
+               self.add("{res} = {boxed}->type->type_table[{cltype}] == {idtype};")
+               self.add("\}")
+               self.add("\}")
+
+               return res
+       end
+
+       redef fun is_same_type_test(value1, value2)
+       do
+               var res = self.new_var(bool_type)
+               # Swap values to be symetric
+               if value2.mtype.ctype != "val*" and value1.mtype.ctype == "val*" then
+                       var tmp = value1
+                       value1 = value2
+                       value2 = tmp
+               end
+               if value1.mtype.ctype != "val*" then
+                       if value2.mtype == value1.mtype then
+                               self.add("{res} = 1; /* is_same_type_test: compatible types {value1.mtype} vs. {value2.mtype} */")
+                       else if value2.mtype.ctype != "val*" then
+                               self.add("{res} = 0; /* is_same_type_test: incompatible types {value1.mtype} vs. {value2.mtype}*/")
+                       else
+                               var mtype1 = value1.mtype.as(MClassType)
+                               self.add("{res} = ({value2} != NULL) && ({value2}->class == (struct class*) &class_{mtype1.c_name}); /* is_same_type_test */")
+                       end
+               else
+                       self.add("{res} = ({value1} == {value2}) || ({value1} != NULL && {value2} != NULL && {value1}->class == {value2}->class); /* is_same_type_test */")
+               end
+               return res
+       end
+
+       redef fun class_name_string(value)
+       do
+               var res = self.get_name("var_class_name")
+               self.add_decl("const char *{res};")
+               self.add("{res} = class_names[{value}->type->id];")
                return res
        end
 
        redef fun equal_test(value1, value2)
        do
                var res = self.new_var(bool_type)
-               # TODO
+               if value2.mtype.ctype != "val*" and value1.mtype.ctype == "val*" then
+                       var tmp = value1
+                       value1 = value2
+                       value2 = tmp
+               end
+               if value1.mtype.ctype != "val*" then
+                       if value2.mtype == value1.mtype then
+                               self.add("{res} = {value1} == {value2};")
+                       else if value2.mtype.ctype != "val*" then
+                               self.add("{res} = 0; /* incompatible types {value1.mtype} vs. {value2.mtype}*/")
+                       else
+                               var mtype1 = value1.mtype.as(MClassType)
+                               self.add("{res} = ({value2} != NULL) && ({value2}->class == (struct class*) &class_{mtype1.c_name});")
+                               self.add("if ({res}) \{")
+                               self.add("{res} = ({self.autobox(value2, value1.mtype)} == {value1});")
+                               self.add("\}")
+                       end
+                       return res
+               end
+               var maybe_null = true
+               var test = new Array[String]
+               var t1 = value1.mcasttype
+               if t1 isa MNullableType then
+                       test.add("{value1} != NULL")
+                       t1 = t1.mtype
+               else
+                       maybe_null = false
+               end
+               var t2 = value2.mcasttype
+               if t2 isa MNullableType then
+                       test.add("{value2} != NULL")
+                       t2 = t2.mtype
+               else
+                       maybe_null = false
+               end
+
+               var incompatible = false
+               var primitive
+               if t1.ctype != "val*" then
+                       primitive = t1
+                       if t1 == t2 then
+                               # No need to compare class
+                       else if t2.ctype != "val*" then
+                               incompatible = true
+                       else if can_be_primitive(value2) then
+                               test.add("{value1}->class == {value2}->class")
+                       else
+                               incompatible = true
+                       end
+               else if t2.ctype != "val*" then
+                       primitive = t2
+                       if can_be_primitive(value1) then
+                               test.add("{value1}->class == {value2}->class")
+                       else
+                               incompatible = true
+                       end
+               else
+                       primitive = null
+               end
+
+               if incompatible then
+                       if maybe_null then
+                               self.add("{res} = {value1} == {value2}; /* incompatible types {t1} vs. {t2}; but may be NULL*/")
+                               return res
+                       else
+                               self.add("{res} = 0; /* incompatible types {t1} vs. {t2}; cannot be NULL */")
+                               return res
+                       end
+               end
+               if primitive != null then
+                       test.add("((struct instance_{primitive.c_name}*){value1})->value == ((struct instance_{primitive.c_name}*){value2})->value")
+               else if can_be_primitive(value1) and can_be_primitive(value2) then
+                       test.add("{value1}->class == {value2}->class")
+                       var s = new Array[String]
+                       for t, v in self.compiler.as(SeparateCompiler).box_kinds do
+                               s.add "({value1}->class->box_kind == {v} && ((struct instance_{t.c_name}*){value1})->value == ((struct instance_{t.c_name}*){value2})->value)"
+                       end
+                       test.add("({s.join(" || ")})")
+               else
+                       self.add("{res} = {value1} == {value2};")
+                       return res
+               end
+               self.add("{res} = {value1} == {value2} || ({test.join(" && ")});")
+               return res
+       end
+
+       fun can_be_primitive(value: RuntimeVariable): Bool
+       do
+               var t = value.mcasttype
+               if t isa MNullableType then t = t.mtype
+               if not t isa MClassType then return false
+               var k = t.mclass.kind
+               return k == interface_kind or t.ctype != "val*"
+       end
+
+       fun maybe_null(value: RuntimeVariable): Bool
+       do
+               var t = value.mcasttype
+               return t isa MNullableType or t isa MNullType
+       end
+
+       redef fun array_instance(array, elttype)
+       do
+               var compiler = self.compiler.as(SeparateCompiler)
+               var nclass = self.get_class("NativeArray")
+               elttype = self.anchor(elttype)
+               var arraytype = self.get_class("Array").get_mtype([elttype])
+               var res = self.init_instance(arraytype)
+               self.add("\{ /* {res} = array_instance Array[{elttype}] */")
+               var nat = self.new_var(self.get_class("NativeArray").get_mtype([elttype]))
+               nat.is_exact = true
+               compiler.undead_types.add(nat.mtype.as(MClassType))
+               self.add("{nat} = NEW_{nclass.c_name}({array.length}, (struct type *) &type_{nat.mtype.c_name});")
+               for i in [0..array.length[ do
+                       var r = self.autobox(array[i], self.object_type)
+                       self.add("((struct instance_{nclass.c_name}*){nat})->values[{i}] = (val*) {r};")
+               end
+               var length = self.int_instance(array.length)
+               self.send(self.get_property("with_native", arraytype), [res, nat, length])
+               self.check_init_instance(res, arraytype)
+               self.add("\}")
                return res
        end
+
+       redef fun native_array_def(pname, ret_type, arguments)
+       do
+               var elttype = arguments.first.mtype
+               var nclass = self.get_class("NativeArray")
+               var recv = "((struct instance_{nclass.c_name}*){arguments[0]})->values"
+               if pname == "[]" then
+                       self.ret(self.new_expr("{recv}[{arguments[1]}]", ret_type.as(not null)))
+                       return
+               else if pname == "[]=" then
+                       self.add("{recv}[{arguments[1]}]={arguments[2]};")
+                       return
+               else if pname == "copy_to" then
+                       var recv1 = "((struct instance_{nclass.c_name}*){arguments[1]})->values"
+                       self.add("memcpy({recv1}, {recv}, {arguments[2]}*sizeof({elttype.ctype}));")
+                       return
+               end
+       end
+
+       redef fun calloc_array(ret_type, arguments)
+       do
+               var ret = ret_type.as(MGenericType)
+               var compiler = self.compiler.as(SeparateCompiler)
+               compiler.undead_types.add(ret)
+               var mclass = self.get_class("ArrayCapable")
+               var ft = mclass.mclass_type.arguments.first.as(MParameterType)
+               var color = compiler.ft_colors[ft]
+               self.ret(self.new_expr("NEW_{ret.mclass.c_name}({arguments[1]}, (struct type*) livetypes_array__NativeArray[self->type->fts_table->fts[{color}]->livecolor])", ret_type))
+       end
 end
 
+redef class MClass
+       # Return the name of the C structure associated to a Nit class
+       fun c_name: String do
+               var res = self.c_name_cache
+               if res != null then return res
+               res = "{intro_mmodule.name.to_cmangle}__{name.to_cmangle}"
+               self.c_name_cache = res
+               return res
+       end
+       private var c_name_cache: nullable String
+end