modelize: check_redef_property_visibility for root_init

[nit.git] / src / modelize / modelize_property.nit

# This file is part of NIT ( http://www.nitlanguage.org ).
#
# Copyright 2012 Jean Privat <jean@pryen.org>
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Analysis and verification of property definitions to instantiate model element
module modelize_property

intrude import modelize_class
private import annotation

redef class ToolContext
        var modelize_property_phase: Phase = new ModelizePropertyPhase(self, [modelize_class_phase])
end

private class ModelizePropertyPhase
        super Phase
        redef fun process_nmodule(nmodule)
        do
                for nclassdef in nmodule.n_classdefs do
                        if nclassdef.all_defs == null then continue # skip non principal classdef
                        toolcontext.modelbuilder.build_properties(nclassdef)
                end
        end
end

redef class ModelBuilder
        # Registration of the npropdef associated to each mpropdef.
        #
        # Public clients need to use `mpropdef2node` to access stuff.
        private var mpropdef2npropdef = new HashMap[MPropDef, APropdef]

        # Retrieve the associated AST node of a mpropertydef.
        # This method is used to associate model entity with syntactic entities.
        #
        # If the property definition is not associated with a node, returns node.
        fun mpropdef2node(mpropdef: MPropDef): nullable ANode
        do
                var res: nullable ANode = mpropdef2npropdef.get_or_null(mpropdef)
                if res != null then return res
                if mpropdef isa MMethodDef and mpropdef.mproperty.is_root_init then
                        res = mclassdef2nclassdef.get_or_null(mpropdef.mclassdef)
                        if res != null then return res
                end
                return null
        end

        # Retrieve all the attributes nodes localy definied
        # FIXME think more about this method and how the separations separate/global and ast/model should be done.
        fun collect_attr_propdef(mclassdef: MClassDef): Array[AAttrPropdef]
        do
                var res = new Array[AAttrPropdef]
                var n = mclassdef2nclassdef.get_or_null(mclassdef)
                if n == null then return res
                for npropdef in n.n_propdefs do
                        if npropdef isa AAttrPropdef then
                                res.add(npropdef)
                        end
                end
                return res
        end

        # Build the properties of `nclassdef`.
        # REQUIRE: all superclasses are built.
        private fun build_properties(nclassdef: AClassdef)
        do
                # Force building recursively
                if nclassdef.build_properties_is_done then return
                nclassdef.build_properties_is_done = true
                var mclassdef = nclassdef.mclassdef.as(not null)
                if mclassdef.in_hierarchy == null then return # Skip error
                for superclassdef in mclassdef.in_hierarchy.direct_greaters do
                        if not mclassdef2nclassdef.has_key(superclassdef) then continue
                        build_properties(mclassdef2nclassdef[superclassdef])
                end

                mclassdef.build_self_type(self, nclassdef)
                for nclassdef2 in nclassdef.all_defs do
                        for npropdef in nclassdef2.n_propdefs do
                                npropdef.build_property(self, mclassdef)
                        end
                        for npropdef in nclassdef2.n_propdefs do
                                npropdef.build_signature(self)
                        end
                        for npropdef in nclassdef2.n_propdefs do
                                npropdef.check_signature(self)
                        end
                end
                process_default_constructors(nclassdef)
        end

        # the root init of the Object class
        # Is usually implicitly defined
        # Then explicit or implicit definitions of root-init are attached to it
        var the_root_init_mmethod: nullable MMethod

        # Introduce or inherit default constructor
        # This is the last part of `build_properties`.
        private fun process_default_constructors(nclassdef: AClassdef)
        do
                var mclassdef = nclassdef.mclassdef.as(not null)

                # Are we a refinement
                if not mclassdef.is_intro then return

                # Look for the init in Object, or create it
                if mclassdef.mclass.name == "Object" and the_root_init_mmethod == null then
                        # Create the implicit root-init method
                        var mprop = new MMethod(mclassdef, "init", mclassdef.mclass.visibility)
                        mprop.is_root_init = true
                        var mpropdef = new MMethodDef(mclassdef, mprop, nclassdef.location)
                        var mparameters = new Array[MParameter]
                        var msignature = new MSignature(mparameters, null)
                        mpropdef.msignature = msignature
                        mpropdef.new_msignature = msignature
                        mprop.is_init = true
                        nclassdef.mfree_init = mpropdef
                        self.toolcontext.info("{mclassdef} gets a free empty constructor {mpropdef}{msignature}", 3)
                        the_root_init_mmethod = mprop
                        return
                end

                # Is the class forbid constructors?
                if not mclassdef.mclass.kind.need_init then return

                # Is there already a constructor defined?
                var defined_init: nullable MMethodDef = null
                for mpropdef in mclassdef.mpropdefs do
                        if not mpropdef isa MMethodDef then continue
                        if not mpropdef.mproperty.is_init then continue
                        if mpropdef.mproperty.is_root_init then
                                assert defined_init == null
                                defined_init = mpropdef
                        else if mpropdef.mproperty.name == "init" then
                                # An explicit old-style init named "init", so return
                                return
                        end
                end

                if not nclassdef isa AStdClassdef then return

                # Collect undefined attributes
                var mparameters = new Array[MParameter]
                var initializers = new Array[MProperty]
                for npropdef in nclassdef.n_propdefs do
                        if npropdef isa AMethPropdef then
                                if npropdef.mpropdef == null then return # Skip broken attribute
                                var at = npropdef.get_single_annotation("autoinit", self)
                                if at == null then continue # Skip non tagged init

                                var sig = npropdef.mpropdef.msignature
                                if sig == null then continue # Skip broken method

                                if not npropdef.mpropdef.is_intro then
                                        self.error(at, "Error: `autoinit` cannot be set on redefinitions")
                                        continue
                                end

                                for param in sig.mparameters do
                                        var ret_type = param.mtype
                                        var mparameter = new MParameter(param.name, ret_type, false)
                                        mparameters.add(mparameter)
                                end
                                initializers.add(npropdef.mpropdef.mproperty)
                        end
                        if npropdef isa AAttrPropdef then
                                if npropdef.mpropdef == null then return # Skip broken attribute
                                if npropdef.noinit then continue # Skip noinit attribute
                                var atautoinit = npropdef.get_single_annotation("autoinit", self)
                                if atautoinit != null then
                                        # For autoinit attributes, call the reader to force
                                        # the lazy initialization of the attribute.
                                        initializers.add(npropdef.mreadpropdef.mproperty)
                                        continue
                                end
                                if npropdef.has_value then continue
                                var paramname = npropdef.mpropdef.mproperty.name.substring_from(1)
                                var ret_type = npropdef.mpropdef.static_mtype
                                if ret_type == null then return
                                var mparameter = new MParameter(paramname, ret_type, false)
                                mparameters.add(mparameter)
                                var msetter = npropdef.mwritepropdef
                                if msetter == null then
                                        # No setter, it is a old-style attribute, so just add it
                                        initializers.add(npropdef.mpropdef.mproperty)
                                else
                                        # Add the setter to the list
                                        initializers.add(msetter.mproperty)
                                end
                        end
                end

                if the_root_init_mmethod == null then return

                # Look for most-specific new-stype init definitions
                var spropdefs = the_root_init_mmethod.lookup_super_definitions(mclassdef.mmodule, mclassdef.bound_mtype)
                if spropdefs.is_empty then
                        toolcontext.error(nclassdef.location, "Error: {mclassdef} does not specialize {the_root_init_mmethod.intro_mclassdef}. Possible duplication of the root class `Object`?")
                        return
                end

                # Search the longest-one and checks for conflict
                var longest = spropdefs.first
                if spropdefs.length > 1 then
                        # Check for conflict in the order of initializers
                        # Each initializer list must me a prefix of the longest list
                        # part 1. find the longest list
                        for spd in spropdefs do
                                if spd.initializers.length > longest.initializers.length then longest = spd
                        end
                        # part 2. compare
                        for spd in spropdefs do
                                var i = 0
                                for p in spd.initializers do
                                        if p != longest.initializers[i] then
                                                self.error(nclassdef, "Error: conflict for inherited inits {spd}({spd.initializers.join(", ")}) and {longest}({longest.initializers.join(", ")})")
                                                return
                                        end
                                        i += 1
                                end
                        end
                end

                # Can we just inherit?
                if spropdefs.length == 1 and mparameters.is_empty and defined_init == null then
                        self.toolcontext.info("{mclassdef} inherits the basic constructor {longest}", 3)
                        mclassdef.mclass.root_init = longest
                        return
                end

                # Combine the inherited list to what is collected
                if longest.initializers.length > 0 then
                        mparameters.prepend longest.new_msignature.mparameters
                        initializers.prepend longest.initializers
                end

                # If we already have a basic init definition, then setup its initializers
                if defined_init != null then
                        defined_init.initializers.add_all(initializers)
                        var msignature = new MSignature(mparameters, null)
                        defined_init.new_msignature = msignature
                        self.toolcontext.info("{mclassdef} extends its basic constructor signature to {defined_init}{msignature}", 3)
                        mclassdef.mclass.root_init = defined_init
                        return
                end

                # Else create the local implicit basic init definition
                var mprop = the_root_init_mmethod.as(not null)
                var mpropdef = new MMethodDef(mclassdef, mprop, nclassdef.location)
                mpropdef.has_supercall = true
                mpropdef.initializers.add_all(initializers)
                var msignature = new MSignature(mparameters, null)
                mpropdef.new_msignature = msignature
                mpropdef.msignature = new MSignature(new Array[MParameter], null) # always an empty real signature
                nclassdef.mfree_init = mpropdef
                self.toolcontext.info("{mclassdef} gets a free constructor for attributes {mpropdef}{msignature}", 3)
                mclassdef.mclass.root_init = mpropdef
        end

        # Check the visibility of `mtype` as an element of the signature of `mpropdef`.
        fun check_visibility(node: ANode, mtype: MType, mpropdef: MPropDef)
        do
                var mmodule = mpropdef.mclassdef.mmodule
                var mproperty = mpropdef.mproperty

                # Extract visibility information of the main part of `mtype`
                # It is a case-by case
                var vis_type: nullable MVisibility = null # The own visibility of the type
                var mmodule_type: nullable MModule = null # The original module of the type
                mtype = mtype.as_notnullable
                if mtype isa MClassType then
                        vis_type = mtype.mclass.visibility
                        mmodule_type = mtype.mclass.intro.mmodule
                else if mtype isa MVirtualType then
                        vis_type = mtype.mproperty.visibility
                        mmodule_type = mtype.mproperty.intro_mclassdef.mmodule
                else if mtype isa MParameterType then
                        # nothing, always visible
                else
                        node.debug "Unexpected type {mtype}"
                        abort
                end

                if vis_type != null then
                        assert mmodule_type != null
                        var vis_module_type = mmodule.visibility_for(mmodule_type) # the visibility of the original module
                        if mproperty.visibility > vis_type then
                                error(node, "Error: The {mproperty.visibility} property `{mproperty}` cannot contain the {vis_type} type `{mtype}`")
                                return
                        else if mproperty.visibility > vis_module_type then
                                error(node, "Error: The {mproperty.visibility} property `{mproperty}` cannot contain the type `{mtype}` from the {vis_module_type} module `{mmodule_type}`")
                                return
                        end
                end

                # No error, try to go deeper in generic types
                if node isa AType then
                        for a in node.n_types do
                                var t = a.mtype
                                if t == null then continue # Error, thus skipped
                                check_visibility(a, t, mpropdef)
                        end
                else if mtype isa MGenericType then
                        for t in mtype.arguments do check_visibility(node, t, mpropdef)
                end
        end
end

redef class MPropDef
        # Does the MPropDef contains a call to super or a call of a super-constructor?
        # Subsequent phases of the frontend (esp. typing) set it if required
        var has_supercall: Bool = false is writable
end

redef class AClassdef
        var build_properties_is_done = false

        # The free init (implicitely constructed by the class if required)
        var mfree_init: nullable MMethodDef = null
end

redef class MClass
        # The base init of the class.
        # Used to get the common new_msignature and initializers
        #
        # TODO: Where to put this information is not clear because unlike other
        # informations, the initialisers are stable in a same class.
        var root_init: nullable MMethodDef = null
end

redef class MClassDef
        # What is the `APropdef` associated to a `MProperty`?
        # Used to check multiple definition of a property.
        var mprop2npropdef: Map[MProperty, APropdef] = new HashMap[MProperty, APropdef]

        # Build the virtual type `SELF` only for introduction `MClassDef`
        fun build_self_type(modelbuilder: ModelBuilder, nclassdef: AClassdef)
        do
                if not is_intro then return

                var name = "SELF"
                var mprop = modelbuilder.try_get_mproperty_by_name(nclassdef, self, name)

                # If SELF type is declared nowherer?
                if mprop == null then return

                # SELF is not a virtual type? it is weird but we ignore it
                if not mprop isa MVirtualTypeProp then return

                # Is this the intro of SELF in the library?
                var intro = mprop.intro
                var intro_mclassdef = intro.mclassdef
                if intro_mclassdef == self then
                        var nintro = modelbuilder.mpropdef2npropdef[intro]

                        # SELF must be declared in Object, otherwise this will create conflicts
                        if intro_mclassdef.mclass.name != "Object" then
                                modelbuilder.error(nintro, "Error: the virtual type SELF must be declared in Object.")
                        end

                        # SELF must be public
                        if mprop.visibility != public_visibility then
                                modelbuilder.error(nintro, "Error: the virtual type SELF must be public.")
                        end

                        # SELF must not be fixed
                        if intro.is_fixed then
                                modelbuilder.error(nintro, "Error: the virtual type SELF cannot be fixed.")
                        end

                        return
                end

                # This class introduction inherits a SELF
                # We insert an artificial property to update it
                var mpropdef = new MVirtualTypeDef(self, mprop, self.location)
                mpropdef.bound = mclass.mclass_type
        end
end

redef class APropdef
        # The associated main model entity
        type MPROPDEF: MPropDef

        # The associated propdef once build by a `ModelBuilder`
        var mpropdef: nullable MPROPDEF is writable

        private fun build_property(modelbuilder: ModelBuilder, mclassdef: MClassDef) is abstract
        private fun build_signature(modelbuilder: ModelBuilder) is abstract
        private fun check_signature(modelbuilder: ModelBuilder) is abstract
        private fun new_property_visibility(modelbuilder: ModelBuilder, mclassdef: MClassDef, nvisibility: nullable AVisibility): MVisibility
        do
                var mvisibility = public_visibility
                if nvisibility != null then
                        mvisibility = nvisibility.mvisibility
                        if mvisibility == intrude_visibility then
                                modelbuilder.error(nvisibility, "Error: intrude is not a legal visibility for properties.")
                                mvisibility = public_visibility
                        end
                end
                if mclassdef.mclass.visibility == private_visibility then
                        if mvisibility == protected_visibility then
                                assert nvisibility != null
                                modelbuilder.error(nvisibility, "Error: The only legal visibility for properties in a private class is private.")
                        else if mvisibility == private_visibility then
                                assert nvisibility != null
                                modelbuilder.advice(nvisibility, "useless-visibility", "Warning: private is superfluous since the only legal visibility for properties in a private class is private.")
                        end
                        mvisibility = private_visibility
                end
                return mvisibility
        end

        private fun set_doc(mpropdef: MPropDef, modelbuilder: ModelBuilder)
        do
                var ndoc = self.n_doc
                if ndoc != null then
                        var mdoc = ndoc.to_mdoc
                        mpropdef.mdoc = mdoc
                        mdoc.original_mentity = mpropdef
                else if mpropdef.is_intro and mpropdef.mproperty.visibility >= protected_visibility then
                        modelbuilder.advice(self, "missing-doc", "Documentation warning: Undocumented property `{mpropdef.mproperty}`")
                end

                var at_deprecated = get_single_annotation("deprecated", modelbuilder)
                if at_deprecated != null then
                        if not mpropdef.is_intro then
                                modelbuilder.error(self, "Error: method redefinition cannot be deprecated.")
                        else
                                var info = new MDeprecationInfo
                                ndoc = at_deprecated.n_doc
                                if ndoc != null then info.mdoc = ndoc.to_mdoc
                                mpropdef.mproperty.deprecation = info
                        end
                end
        end

        private fun check_redef_property_visibility(modelbuilder: ModelBuilder, nvisibility: nullable AVisibility, mprop: MProperty)
        do
                if nvisibility == null then return
                var mvisibility = nvisibility.mvisibility
                if mvisibility != mprop.visibility and mvisibility != public_visibility then
                                modelbuilder.error(nvisibility, "Error: redefinition changed the visibility from a {mprop.visibility} to a {mvisibility}")
                end
        end

        private fun check_redef_keyword(modelbuilder: ModelBuilder, mclassdef: MClassDef, kwredef: nullable Token, need_redef: Bool, mprop: MProperty): Bool
        do
                if mclassdef.mprop2npropdef.has_key(mprop) then
                        modelbuilder.error(self, "Error: A property {mprop} is already defined in class {mclassdef.mclass} at line {mclassdef.mprop2npropdef[mprop].location.line_start}.")
                        return false
                end
                if mprop isa MMethod and mprop.is_toplevel != (parent isa ATopClassdef) then
                        if mprop.is_toplevel then
                                modelbuilder.error(self, "Error: {mprop} is a top level method.")
                        else
                                modelbuilder.error(self, "Error: {mprop} is not a top level method.")
                        end
                        return false

                end
                if mprop isa MMethod and mprop.is_root_init then return true
                if kwredef == null then
                        if need_redef then
                                modelbuilder.error(self, "Redef error: {mclassdef.mclass}::{mprop.name} is an inherited property. To redefine it, add the redef keyword.")
                                return false
                        end
                else
                        if not need_redef then
                                modelbuilder.error(self, "Error: No property {mclassdef.mclass}::{mprop.name} is inherited. Remove the redef keyword to define a new property.")
                                return false
                        end
                end
                return true
        end

end

redef class ASignature
        # Is the model builder has correctly visited the signature
        var is_visited = false
        # Names of parameters from the AST
        # REQUIRE: is_visited
        var param_names = new Array[String]
        # Types of parameters from the AST
        # REQUIRE: is_visited
        var param_types = new Array[MType]
        # Rank of the vararg (of -1 if none)
        # REQUIRE: is_visited
        var vararg_rank: Int = -1
        # Return type
        var ret_type: nullable MType = null

        # Visit and fill information about a signature
        private fun visit_signature(modelbuilder: ModelBuilder, mclassdef: MClassDef): Bool
        do
                var mmodule = mclassdef.mmodule
                var param_names = self.param_names
                var param_types = self.param_types
                for np in self.n_params do
                        param_names.add(np.n_id.text)
                        var ntype = np.n_type
                        if ntype != null then
                                var mtype = modelbuilder.resolve_mtype(mmodule, mclassdef, ntype)
                                if mtype == null then return false # Skip error
                                for i in [0..param_names.length-param_types.length[ do
                                        param_types.add(mtype)
                                end
                                if np.n_dotdotdot != null then
                                        if self.vararg_rank != -1 then
                                                modelbuilder.error(np, "Error: {param_names[self.vararg_rank]} is already a vararg")
                                                return false
                                        else
                                                self.vararg_rank = param_names.length - 1
                                        end
                                end
                        end
                end
                var ntype = self.n_type
                if ntype != null then
                        self.ret_type = modelbuilder.resolve_mtype(mmodule, mclassdef, ntype)
                        if self.ret_type == null then return false # Skip error
                end

                self.is_visited = true
                return true
        end

        # Build a visited signature
        fun build_signature(modelbuilder: ModelBuilder): nullable MSignature
        do
                if param_names.length != param_types.length then
                        # Some parameters are typed, other parameters are not typed.
                        modelbuilder.error(self.n_params[param_types.length], "Error: Untyped parameter `{param_names[param_types.length]}'.")
                        return null
                end

                var mparameters = new Array[MParameter]
                for i in [0..param_names.length[ do
                        var mparameter = new MParameter(param_names[i], param_types[i], i == vararg_rank)
                        self.n_params[i].mparameter = mparameter
                        mparameters.add(mparameter)
                end

                var msignature = new MSignature(mparameters, ret_type)
                return msignature
        end
end

redef class AParam
        # The associated mparameter if any
        var mparameter: nullable MParameter = null
end

redef class AMethPropdef
        redef type MPROPDEF: MMethodDef


        # Can self be used as a root init?
        private fun look_like_a_root_init(modelbuilder: ModelBuilder, mclassdef: MClassDef): Bool
        do
                # Need the `init` keyword
                if n_kwinit == null then return false
                # Need to by anonymous
                if self.n_methid != null then return false
                # No annotation on itself
                if get_single_annotation("old_style_init", modelbuilder) != null then return false
                # Nor on its module
                var amod = self.parent.parent.as(AModule)
                var amoddecl = amod.n_moduledecl
                if amoddecl != null then
                        var old = amoddecl.get_single_annotation("old_style_init", modelbuilder)
                        if old != null then return false
                end
                # No parameters
                if self.n_signature.n_params.length > 0 then
                        modelbuilder.advice(self, "old-init", "Warning: init with signature in {mclassdef}")
                        return false
                end
                # Cannot be private or something
                if not self.n_visibility isa APublicVisibility then
                        modelbuilder.advice(self, "old-init", "Warning: non-public init in {mclassdef}")
                        return false
                end

                return true
        end

        redef fun build_property(modelbuilder, mclassdef)
        do
                var n_kwinit = n_kwinit
                var n_kwnew = n_kwnew
                var is_init = n_kwinit != null or n_kwnew != null
                var name: String
                var amethodid = self.n_methid
                var name_node: ANode
                if amethodid == null then
                        if not is_init then
                                name = "main"
                                name_node = self
                        else if n_kwinit != null then
                                name = "init"
                                name_node = n_kwinit
                        else if n_kwnew != null then
                                name = "new"
                                name_node = n_kwnew
                        else
                                abort
                        end
                else if amethodid isa AIdMethid then
                        name = amethodid.n_id.text
                        name_node = amethodid
                else
                        # operator, bracket or assign
                        name = amethodid.collect_text
                        name_node = amethodid

                        if name == "-" and self.n_signature.n_params.length == 0 then
                                name = "unary -"
                        end
                end

                var look_like_a_root_init = look_like_a_root_init(modelbuilder, mclassdef)
                var mprop: nullable MMethod = null
                if not is_init or n_kwredef != null then mprop = modelbuilder.try_get_mproperty_by_name(name_node, mclassdef, name).as(nullable MMethod)
                if mprop == null and look_like_a_root_init then
                        mprop = modelbuilder.the_root_init_mmethod
                        var nb = n_block
                        if nb isa ABlockExpr and nb.n_expr.is_empty and n_doc == null then
                                modelbuilder.advice(self, "useless-init", "Warning: useless empty init in {mclassdef}")
                        end
                end
                if mprop == null then
                        var mvisibility = new_property_visibility(modelbuilder, mclassdef, self.n_visibility)
                        mprop = new MMethod(mclassdef, name, mvisibility)
                        if look_like_a_root_init and modelbuilder.the_root_init_mmethod == null then
                                modelbuilder.the_root_init_mmethod = mprop
                                mprop.is_root_init = true
                        end
                        mprop.is_init = is_init
                        mprop.is_new = n_kwnew != null
                        if parent isa ATopClassdef then mprop.is_toplevel = true
                        self.check_redef_keyword(modelbuilder, mclassdef, n_kwredef, false, mprop)
                else
                        if not self.check_redef_keyword(modelbuilder, mclassdef, n_kwredef, not self isa AMainMethPropdef, mprop) then return
                        check_redef_property_visibility(modelbuilder, self.n_visibility, mprop)
                end
                mclassdef.mprop2npropdef[mprop] = self

                var mpropdef = new MMethodDef(mclassdef, mprop, self.location)

                set_doc(mpropdef, modelbuilder)

                self.mpropdef = mpropdef
                modelbuilder.mpropdef2npropdef[mpropdef] = self
                if mpropdef.is_intro then
                        modelbuilder.toolcontext.info("{mpropdef} introduces new method {mprop.full_name}", 4)
                else
                        modelbuilder.toolcontext.info("{mpropdef} redefines method {mprop.full_name}", 4)
                end
        end

        redef fun build_signature(modelbuilder)
        do
                var mpropdef = self.mpropdef
                if mpropdef == null then return # Error thus skiped
                var mclassdef = mpropdef.mclassdef
                var mmodule = mclassdef.mmodule
                var nsig = self.n_signature

                if mpropdef.mproperty.is_root_init and not mclassdef.is_intro then
                        var root_init = mclassdef.mclass.root_init
                        if root_init != null then
                                # Inherit the initializers by refinement
                                mpropdef.new_msignature = root_init.new_msignature
                                assert mpropdef.initializers.is_empty
                                mpropdef.initializers.add_all root_init.initializers
                        end
                end

                # Retrieve info from the signature AST
                var param_names = new Array[String] # Names of parameters from the AST
                var param_types = new Array[MType] # Types of parameters from the AST
                var vararg_rank = -1
                var ret_type: nullable MType = null # Return type from the AST
                if nsig != null then
                        if not nsig.visit_signature(modelbuilder, mclassdef) then return
                        param_names = nsig.param_names
                        param_types = nsig.param_types
                        vararg_rank = nsig.vararg_rank
                        ret_type = nsig.ret_type
                end

                # Look for some signature to inherit
                # FIXME: do not inherit from the intro, but from the most specific
                var msignature: nullable MSignature = null
                if not mpropdef.is_intro then
                        msignature = mpropdef.mproperty.intro.msignature
                        if msignature == null then return # Skip error

                        # The local signature is adapted to use the local formal types, if any.
                        msignature = msignature.resolve_for(mclassdef.mclass.mclass_type, mclassdef.bound_mtype, mmodule, false)

                        # Check inherited signature arity
                        if param_names.length != msignature.arity then
                                var node: ANode
                                if nsig != null then node = nsig else node = self
                                modelbuilder.error(node, "Redef error: {mpropdef} redefines {mpropdef.mproperty.intro} with {param_names.length} parameter(s), {msignature.arity} expected. Signature is {mpropdef}{msignature}")
                                return
                        end
                else if mpropdef.mproperty.is_init and not mpropdef.mproperty.is_new then
                        # FIXME UGLY: inherit signature from a super-constructor
                        for msupertype in mclassdef.supertypes do
                                msupertype = msupertype.anchor_to(mmodule, mclassdef.bound_mtype)
                                var candidate = modelbuilder.try_get_mproperty_by_name2(self, mmodule, msupertype, mpropdef.mproperty.name)
                                if candidate != null then
                                        if msignature == null then
                                                msignature = candidate.intro.as(MMethodDef).msignature
                                        end
                                end
                        end
                end


                # Inherit the signature
                if msignature != null and param_names.length != param_types.length and param_names.length == msignature.arity and param_types.length == 0 then
                        # Parameters are untyped, thus inherit them
                        param_types = new Array[MType]
                        for mparameter in msignature.mparameters do
                                param_types.add(mparameter.mtype)
                        end
                        vararg_rank = msignature.vararg_rank
                end
                if msignature != null and ret_type == null then
                        ret_type = msignature.return_mtype
                end

                if param_names.length != param_types.length then
                        # Some parameters are typed, other parameters are not typed.
                        modelbuilder.error(nsig.n_params[param_types.length], "Error: Untyped parameter `{param_names[param_types.length]}'.")
                        return
                end

                var mparameters = new Array[MParameter]
                for i in [0..param_names.length[ do
                        var mparameter = new MParameter(param_names[i], param_types[i], i == vararg_rank)
                        if nsig != null then nsig.n_params[i].mparameter = mparameter
                        mparameters.add(mparameter)
                end

                # In `new`-factories, the return type is by default the classtype.
                if ret_type == null and mpropdef.mproperty.is_new then ret_type = mclassdef.mclass.mclass_type

                msignature = new MSignature(mparameters, ret_type)
                mpropdef.msignature = msignature
                mpropdef.is_abstract = self.get_single_annotation("abstract", modelbuilder) != null
                mpropdef.is_intern = self.get_single_annotation("intern", modelbuilder) != null
                mpropdef.is_extern = self.n_extern_code_block != null or self.get_single_annotation("extern", modelbuilder) != null
        end

        redef fun check_signature(modelbuilder)
        do
                var mpropdef = self.mpropdef
                if mpropdef == null then return # Error thus skiped
                var mclassdef = mpropdef.mclassdef
                var mmodule = mclassdef.mmodule
                var nsig = self.n_signature
                var mysignature = self.mpropdef.msignature
                if mysignature == null then return # Error thus skiped

                # Lookup for signature in the precursor
                # FIXME all precursors should be considered
                if not mpropdef.is_intro then
                        var msignature = mpropdef.mproperty.intro.msignature
                        if msignature == null then return

                        var precursor_ret_type = msignature.return_mtype
                        var ret_type = mysignature.return_mtype
                        if ret_type != null and precursor_ret_type == null then
                                modelbuilder.error(nsig.n_type.as(not null), "Redef Error: {mpropdef.mproperty} is a procedure, not a function.")
                                return
                        end

                        if mysignature.arity > 0 then
                                # Check parameters types
                                for i in [0..mysignature.arity[ do
                                        var myt = mysignature.mparameters[i].mtype
                                        var prt = msignature.mparameters[i].mtype
                                        if not myt.is_subtype(mmodule, mclassdef.bound_mtype, prt) or
                                                        not prt.is_subtype(mmodule, mclassdef.bound_mtype, myt) then
                                                modelbuilder.error(nsig.n_params[i], "Redef Error: Wrong type for parameter `{mysignature.mparameters[i].name}'. found {myt}, expected {prt} as in {mpropdef.mproperty.intro}.")
                                        end
                                end
                        end
                        if precursor_ret_type != null then
                                if ret_type == null then
                                        # Inherit the return type
                                        ret_type = precursor_ret_type
                                else if not ret_type.is_subtype(mmodule, mclassdef.bound_mtype, precursor_ret_type) then
                                        modelbuilder.error(nsig.n_type.as(not null), "Redef Error: Wrong return type. found {ret_type}, expected {precursor_ret_type} as in {mpropdef.mproperty.intro}.")
                                end
                        end
                end

                if mysignature.arity > 0 then
                        # Check parameters visibility
                        for i in [0..mysignature.arity[ do
                                var nt = nsig.n_params[i].n_type
                                if nt != null then modelbuilder.check_visibility(nt, nt.mtype.as(not null), mpropdef)
                        end
                        var nt = nsig.n_type
                        if nt != null then modelbuilder.check_visibility(nt, nt.mtype.as(not null), mpropdef)
                end
        end
end

redef class AAttrPropdef
        redef type MPROPDEF: MAttributeDef

        # Is the node tagged `noinit`?
        var noinit = false

        # Is the node tagged lazy?
        var is_lazy = false

        # Has the node a default value?
        # Could be through `n_expr` or `n_block`
        var has_value = false

        # The guard associated to a lazy attribute.
        # Because some engines does not have a working `isset`,
        # this additional attribute is used to guard the lazy initialization.
        # TODO: to remove once isset is correctly implemented
        var mlazypropdef: nullable MAttributeDef

        # The associated getter (read accessor) if any
        var mreadpropdef: nullable MMethodDef is writable
        # The associated setter (write accessor) if any
        var mwritepropdef: nullable MMethodDef is writable

        redef fun build_property(modelbuilder, mclassdef)
        do
                var mclass = mclassdef.mclass

                var name: String
                name = self.n_id2.text

                if mclass.kind == interface_kind or mclassdef.mclass.kind == enum_kind then
                        modelbuilder.error(self, "Error: Attempt to define attribute {name} in the interface {mclass}.")
                else if mclass.kind == enum_kind then
                        modelbuilder.error(self, "Error: Attempt to define attribute {name} in the enum class {mclass}.")
                else if mclass.kind == extern_kind then
                        modelbuilder.error(self, "Error: Attempt to define attribute {name} in the extern class {mclass}.")
                end

                # New attribute style
                var nid2 = self.n_id2
                var mprop = new MAttribute(mclassdef, "_" + name, private_visibility)
                var mpropdef = new MAttributeDef(mclassdef, mprop, self.location)
                self.mpropdef = mpropdef
                modelbuilder.mpropdef2npropdef[mpropdef] = self

                var readname = name
                var mreadprop = modelbuilder.try_get_mproperty_by_name(nid2, mclassdef, readname).as(nullable MMethod)
                if mreadprop == null then
                        var mvisibility = new_property_visibility(modelbuilder, mclassdef, self.n_visibility)
                        mreadprop = new MMethod(mclassdef, readname, mvisibility)
                        if not self.check_redef_keyword(modelbuilder, mclassdef, n_kwredef, false, mreadprop) then return
                        mreadprop.deprecation = mprop.deprecation
                else
                        if not self.check_redef_keyword(modelbuilder, mclassdef, n_kwredef, true, mreadprop) then return
                        check_redef_property_visibility(modelbuilder, self.n_visibility, mreadprop)
                end
                mclassdef.mprop2npropdef[mreadprop] = self

                var mreadpropdef = new MMethodDef(mclassdef, mreadprop, self.location)
                self.mreadpropdef = mreadpropdef
                modelbuilder.mpropdef2npropdef[mreadpropdef] = self
                set_doc(mreadpropdef, modelbuilder)
                mpropdef.mdoc = mreadpropdef.mdoc

                has_value = n_expr != null or n_block != null

                var atnoinit = self.get_single_annotation("noinit", modelbuilder)
                if atnoinit != null then
                        noinit = true
                        if has_value then
                                modelbuilder.error(atnoinit, "Error: `noinit` attributes cannot have an initial value")
                                return
                        end
                end

                var atlazy = self.get_single_annotation("lazy", modelbuilder)
                var atautoinit = self.get_single_annotation("autoinit", modelbuilder)
                if atlazy != null or atautoinit != null then
                        if atlazy != null and atautoinit != null then
                                modelbuilder.error(atlazy, "Error: lazy incompatible with autoinit")
                                return
                        end
                        if not has_value then
                                if atlazy != null then
                                        modelbuilder.error(atlazy, "Error: a lazy attribute needs a value")
                                else if atautoinit != null then
                                        modelbuilder.error(atautoinit, "Error: a autoinit attribute needs a value")
                                end
                                return
                        end
                        is_lazy = true
                        var mlazyprop = new MAttribute(mclassdef, "lazy _" + name, none_visibility)
                        var mlazypropdef = new MAttributeDef(mclassdef, mlazyprop, self.location)
                        self.mlazypropdef = mlazypropdef
                end

                var atreadonly = self.get_single_annotation("readonly", modelbuilder)
                if atreadonly != null then
                        if not has_value then
                                modelbuilder.error(atreadonly, "Error: a readonly attribute needs a value")
                        end
                        # No setter, so just leave
                        return
                end

                var writename = name + "="
                var atwritable = self.get_single_annotation("writable", modelbuilder)
                if atwritable != null then
                        if not atwritable.n_args.is_empty then
                                writename = atwritable.arg_as_id(modelbuilder) or else writename
                        end
                end
                var mwriteprop = modelbuilder.try_get_mproperty_by_name(nid2, mclassdef, writename).as(nullable MMethod)
                var nwkwredef: nullable Token = null
                if atwritable != null then nwkwredef = atwritable.n_kwredef
                if mwriteprop == null then
                        var mvisibility
                        if atwritable != null then
                                mvisibility = new_property_visibility(modelbuilder, mclassdef, atwritable.n_visibility)
                        else
                                mvisibility = private_visibility
                        end
                        mwriteprop = new MMethod(mclassdef, writename, mvisibility)
                        if not self.check_redef_keyword(modelbuilder, mclassdef, nwkwredef, false, mwriteprop) then return
                        mwriteprop.deprecation = mprop.deprecation
                else
                        if not self.check_redef_keyword(modelbuilder, mclassdef, nwkwredef or else n_kwredef, true, mwriteprop) then return
                        if atwritable != null then
                                check_redef_property_visibility(modelbuilder, atwritable.n_visibility, mwriteprop)
                        end
                end
                mclassdef.mprop2npropdef[mwriteprop] = self

                var mwritepropdef = new MMethodDef(mclassdef, mwriteprop, self.location)
                self.mwritepropdef = mwritepropdef
                modelbuilder.mpropdef2npropdef[mwritepropdef] = self
                mwritepropdef.mdoc = mpropdef.mdoc
        end

        redef fun build_signature(modelbuilder)
        do
                var mpropdef = self.mpropdef
                if mpropdef == null then return # Error thus skipped
                var mclassdef = mpropdef.mclassdef
                var mmodule = mclassdef.mmodule
                var mtype: nullable MType = null

                var mreadpropdef = self.mreadpropdef

                var ntype = self.n_type
                if ntype != null then
                        mtype = modelbuilder.resolve_mtype(mmodule, mclassdef, ntype)
                        if mtype == null then return
                end

                var inherited_type: nullable MType = null
                # Inherit the type from the getter (usually an abstract getter)
                if mreadpropdef != null and not mreadpropdef.is_intro then
                        var msignature = mreadpropdef.mproperty.intro.msignature
                        if msignature == null then return # Error, thus skipped
                        inherited_type = msignature.return_mtype
                        if inherited_type != null then
                                # The inherited type is adapted to use the local formal types, if any.
                                inherited_type = inherited_type.resolve_for(mclassdef.mclass.mclass_type, mclassdef.bound_mtype, mmodule, false)
                                if mtype == null then mtype = inherited_type
                        end
                end

                var nexpr = self.n_expr
                if mtype == null then
                        if nexpr != null then
                                if nexpr isa ANewExpr then
                                        mtype = modelbuilder.resolve_mtype(mmodule, mclassdef, nexpr.n_type)
                                else if nexpr isa AIntExpr then
                                        var cla = modelbuilder.try_get_mclass_by_name(nexpr, mmodule, "Int")
                                        if cla != null then mtype = cla.mclass_type
                                else if nexpr isa AFloatExpr then
                                        var cla = modelbuilder.try_get_mclass_by_name(nexpr, mmodule, "Float")
                                        if cla != null then mtype = cla.mclass_type
                                else if nexpr isa ACharExpr then
                                        var cla = modelbuilder.try_get_mclass_by_name(nexpr, mmodule, "Char")
                                        if cla != null then mtype = cla.mclass_type
                                else if nexpr isa ABoolExpr then
                                        var cla = modelbuilder.try_get_mclass_by_name(nexpr, mmodule, "Bool")
                                        if cla != null then mtype = cla.mclass_type
                                else if nexpr isa ASuperstringExpr then
                                        var cla = modelbuilder.try_get_mclass_by_name(nexpr, mmodule, "String")
                                        if cla != null then mtype = cla.mclass_type
                                else if nexpr isa AStringFormExpr then
                                        var cla = modelbuilder.try_get_mclass_by_name(nexpr, mmodule, "String")
                                        if cla != null then mtype = cla.mclass_type
                                else
                                        modelbuilder.error(self, "Error: Untyped attribute {mpropdef}. Implicit typing allowed only for literals and new.")
                                end

                                if mtype == null then return
                        end
                else if ntype != null and inherited_type == mtype then
                        if nexpr isa ANewExpr then
                                var xmtype = modelbuilder.resolve_mtype(mmodule, mclassdef, nexpr.n_type)
                                if xmtype == mtype then
                                        modelbuilder.advice(ntype, "useless-type", "Warning: useless type definition")
                                end
                        end
                end

                if mtype == null then
                        modelbuilder.error(self, "Error: Untyped attribute {mpropdef}")
                        return
                end

                mpropdef.static_mtype = mtype

                if mreadpropdef != null then
                        var msignature = new MSignature(new Array[MParameter], mtype)
                        mreadpropdef.msignature = msignature
                end

                var mwritepropdef = self.mwritepropdef
                if mwritepropdef != null then
                        var name: String
                        name = n_id2.text
                        var mparameter = new MParameter(name, mtype, false)
                        var msignature = new MSignature([mparameter], null)
                        mwritepropdef.msignature = msignature
                end

                var mlazypropdef = self.mlazypropdef
                if mlazypropdef != null then
                        mlazypropdef.static_mtype = modelbuilder.model.get_mclasses_by_name("Bool").first.mclass_type
                end
        end

        redef fun check_signature(modelbuilder)
        do
                var mpropdef = self.mpropdef
                if mpropdef == null then return # Error thus skipped
                var ntype = self.n_type
                var mtype = self.mpropdef.static_mtype
                if mtype == null then return # Error thus skipped

                # Lookup for signature in the precursor
                # FIXME all precursors should be considered
                if not mpropdef.is_intro then
                        var precursor_type = mpropdef.mproperty.intro.static_mtype
                        if precursor_type == null then return

                        if mtype != precursor_type then
                                modelbuilder.error(ntype.as(not null), "Redef Error: Wrong static type. found {mtype}, expected {precursor_type}.")
                                return
                        end
                end

                # Check getter and setter
                var meth = self.mreadpropdef
                if meth != null then
                        self.check_method_signature(modelbuilder, meth)
                        var node: nullable ANode = ntype
                        if node == null then node = self
                        modelbuilder.check_visibility(node, mtype, meth)
                end
                meth = self.mwritepropdef
                if meth != null then
                        self.check_method_signature(modelbuilder, meth)
                        var node: nullable ANode = ntype
                        if node == null then node = self
                        modelbuilder.check_visibility(node, mtype, meth)
                end
        end

        private fun check_method_signature(modelbuilder: ModelBuilder, mpropdef: MMethodDef)
        do
                var mclassdef = mpropdef.mclassdef
                var mmodule = mclassdef.mmodule
                var nsig = self.n_type
                var mysignature = mpropdef.msignature
                if mysignature == null then return # Error thus skiped

                # Lookup for signature in the precursor
                # FIXME all precursors should be considered
                if not mpropdef.is_intro then
                        var msignature = mpropdef.mproperty.intro.msignature
                        if msignature == null then return

                        if mysignature.arity != msignature.arity then
                                var node: ANode
                                if nsig != null then node = nsig else node = self
                                modelbuilder.error(node, "Redef Error: {mysignature.arity} parameters found, {msignature.arity} expected. Signature is {mpropdef}{msignature}")
                                return
                        end
                        var precursor_ret_type = msignature.return_mtype
                        var ret_type = mysignature.return_mtype
                        if ret_type != null and precursor_ret_type == null then
                                var node: ANode
                                if nsig != null then node = nsig else node = self
                                modelbuilder.error(node, "Redef Error: {mpropdef.mproperty} is a procedure, not a function.")
                                return
                        end

                        if mysignature.arity > 0 then
                                # Check parameters types
                                for i in [0..mysignature.arity[ do
                                        var myt = mysignature.mparameters[i].mtype
                                        var prt = msignature.mparameters[i].mtype
                                        if not myt.is_subtype(mmodule, mclassdef.bound_mtype, prt) or
                                                        not prt.is_subtype(mmodule, mclassdef.bound_mtype, myt) then
                                                var node: ANode
                                                if nsig != null then node = nsig else node = self
                                                modelbuilder.error(node, "Redef Error: Wrong type for parameter `{mysignature.mparameters[i].name}'. found {myt}, expected {prt}.")
                                        end
                                end
                        end
                        if precursor_ret_type != null then
                                if ret_type == null then
                                        # Inherit the return type
                                        ret_type = precursor_ret_type
                                else if not ret_type.is_subtype(mmodule, mclassdef.bound_mtype, precursor_ret_type) then
                                        var node: ANode
                                        if nsig != null then node = nsig else node = self
                                        modelbuilder.error(node, "Redef Error: Wrong return type. found {ret_type}, expected {precursor_ret_type}.")
                                end
                        end
                end
        end
end

redef class ATypePropdef
        redef type MPROPDEF: MVirtualTypeDef

        redef fun build_property(modelbuilder, mclassdef)
        do
                var name = self.n_id.text
                var mprop = modelbuilder.try_get_mproperty_by_name(self.n_id, mclassdef, name)
                if mprop == null then
                        var mvisibility = new_property_visibility(modelbuilder, mclassdef, self.n_visibility)
                        mprop = new MVirtualTypeProp(mclassdef, name, mvisibility)
                        for c in name.chars do if c >= 'a' and c<= 'z' then
                                modelbuilder.warning(n_id, "bad-type-name", "Warning: lowercase in the virtual type {name}")
                                break
                        end
                        if not self.check_redef_keyword(modelbuilder, mclassdef, self.n_kwredef, false, mprop) then return
                else
                        if not self.check_redef_keyword(modelbuilder, mclassdef, self.n_kwredef, true, mprop) then return
                        assert mprop isa MVirtualTypeProp
                        check_redef_property_visibility(modelbuilder, self.n_visibility, mprop)
                end
                mclassdef.mprop2npropdef[mprop] = self

                var mpropdef = new MVirtualTypeDef(mclassdef, mprop, self.location)
                self.mpropdef = mpropdef
                modelbuilder.mpropdef2npropdef[mpropdef] = self
                if mpropdef.is_intro then
                        modelbuilder.toolcontext.info("{mpropdef} introduces new type {mprop.full_name}", 4)
                else
                        modelbuilder.toolcontext.info("{mpropdef} redefines type {mprop.full_name}", 4)
                end
                set_doc(mpropdef, modelbuilder)

                var atfixed = get_single_annotation("fixed", modelbuilder)
                if atfixed != null then
                        mpropdef.is_fixed = true
                end
        end

        redef fun build_signature(modelbuilder)
        do
                var mpropdef = self.mpropdef
                if mpropdef == null then return # Error thus skipped
                var mclassdef = mpropdef.mclassdef
                var mmodule = mclassdef.mmodule
                var mtype: nullable MType = null

                var ntype = self.n_type
                mtype = modelbuilder.resolve_mtype(mmodule, mclassdef, ntype)
                if mtype == null then return

                mpropdef.bound = mtype
                # print "{mpropdef}: {mtype}"
        end

        redef fun check_signature(modelbuilder)
        do
                var mpropdef = self.mpropdef
                if mpropdef == null then return # Error thus skipped

                var bound = self.mpropdef.bound
                if bound == null then return # Error thus skipped

                modelbuilder.check_visibility(n_type, bound, mpropdef)

                var mclassdef = mpropdef.mclassdef
                var mmodule = mclassdef.mmodule
                var anchor = mclassdef.bound_mtype

                # Check circularity
                if bound isa MVirtualType then
                        # Slow case: progress on each resolution until: (i) we loop, or (ii) we found a non formal type
                        var seen = [self.mpropdef.mproperty.mvirtualtype]
                        loop
                                if seen.has(bound) then
                                        seen.add(bound)
                                        modelbuilder.error(self, "Error: circularity of virtual type definition: {seen.join(" -> ")}")
                                        return
                                end
                                seen.add(bound)
                                var next = bound.lookup_bound(mmodule, anchor)
                                if not next isa MVirtualType then break
                                bound = next
                        end
                end

                # Check redefinitions
                bound = mpropdef.bound.as(not null)
                for p in mpropdef.mproperty.lookup_super_definitions(mmodule, anchor) do
                        var supbound = p.bound
                        if supbound == null then break # broken super bound, skip error
                        if p.is_fixed then
                                modelbuilder.error(self, "Redef Error: Virtual type {mpropdef.mproperty} is fixed in super-class {p.mclassdef.mclass}")
                                break
                        end
                        if p.mclassdef.mclass == mclassdef.mclass then
                                # Still a warning to pass existing bad code
                                modelbuilder.warning(n_type, "refine-type", "Redef Error: a virtual type cannot be refined.")
                                break
                        end
                        if not bound.is_subtype(mmodule, anchor, supbound) then
                                modelbuilder.error(n_type, "Redef Error: Wrong bound type. Found {bound}, expected a subtype of {supbound}, as in {p}.")
                                break
                        end
                end
        end
end