Merge: Added contributing guidelines and link from readme

[nit.git] / src / testing / testing_doc.nit

# This file is part of NIT ( http://www.nitlanguage.org ).
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

# Testing from code comments.
module testing_doc

private import parser_util
import testing_base
import markdown
import html

# Extractor, Executor and Reporter for the tests in a module
class NitUnitExecutor
        super HTMLDecorator

        # Toolcontext used to parse Nit code blocks.
        var toolcontext: ToolContext

        # The prefix of the generated Nit source-file
        var prefix: String

        # The module to import, if any
        var mmodule: nullable MModule

        # The XML node associated to the module
        var testsuite: HTMLTag

        # The name of the suite
        var name: String

        # Markdown processor used to parse markdown comments and extract code.
        var mdproc = new MarkdownProcessor

        init do
                mdproc.emitter.decorator = new NitunitDecorator(self)
        end

        # The associated documentation object
        var mdoc: nullable MDoc = null

        # used to generate distinct names
        var cpt = 0

        # The last docunit extracted from a mdoc.
        #
        # Is used because a new code-block might just be added to it.
        var last_docunit: nullable DocUnit = null

        var xml_classname: String is noautoinit

        var xml_name: String is noautoinit

        # The entry point for a new `ndoc` node
        # Fill `docunits` with new discovered unit of tests.
        fun extract(mdoc: MDoc, xml_classname, xml_name: String)
        do
                last_docunit = null
                self.xml_classname = xml_classname
                self.xml_name = xml_name

                self.mdoc = mdoc

                # Populate `blocks` from the markdown decorator
                mdproc.process(mdoc.content.join("\n"))
        end

        # All extracted docunits
        var docunits = new Array[DocUnit]

        fun show_status
        do
                toolcontext.show_unit_status(name, docunits)
        end

        fun mark_done(du: DocUnit)
        do
                du.is_done = true
                toolcontext.clear_progress_bar
                toolcontext.show_unit(du)
                show_status
        end

        # Execute all the docunits
        fun run_tests
        do
                if docunits.is_empty then
                        return
                end

                # Try to group each nitunit into a single source file to fasten the compilation
                var simple_du = new Array[DocUnit]
                show_status
                for du in docunits do
                        # Skip existing errors
                        if du.error != null then
                                continue
                        end

                        var ast = toolcontext.parse_something(du.block)
                        if ast isa AExpr then
                                simple_du.add du
                        end
                end
                test_simple_docunits(simple_du)

                # Now test them in order
                for du in docunits do
                        if du.error != null then
                                # Nothing to execute. Conclude
                        else if du.test_file != null then
                                # Already compiled. Execute it.
                                execute_simple_docunit(du)
                        else
                                # Need to try to compile it, then execute it
                                test_single_docunit(du)
                        end
                        mark_done(du)
                end

                # Final status
                show_status
                print ""

                for du in docunits do
                        testsuite.add du.to_xml
                end
        end

        # Executes multiples doc-units in a shared program.
        # Used for docunits simple block of code (without modules, classes, functions etc.)
        #
        # In case of compilation error, the method fallbacks to `test_single_docunit` to
        # * locate exactly the compilation problem in the problematic docunit.
        # * permit the execution of the other docunits that may be correct.
        fun test_simple_docunits(dus: Array[DocUnit])
        do
                if dus.is_empty then return

                var file = "{prefix}-0.nit"

                var dir = file.dirname
                if dir != "" then dir.mkdir
                var f
                f = create_unitfile(file)
                var i = 0
                for du in dus do

                        i += 1
                        f.write("fun run_{i} do\n")
                        f.write("# {du.full_name}\n")
                        f.write(du.block)
                        f.write("end\n")
                end
                f.write("var a = args.first.to_i\n")
                for j in [1..i] do
                        f.write("if a == {j} then run_{j}\n")
                end
                f.close

                if toolcontext.opt_noact.value then return

                var res = compile_unitfile(file)

                if res != 0 then
                        # Compilation error.
                        # They will be executed independently
                        return
                end

                # Compilation was a success.
                # Store what need to be executed for each one.
                i = 0
                for du in dus do
                        i += 1
                        du.test_file = file
                        du.test_arg = i
                end
        end

        # Execute a docunit compiled by `test_single_docunit`
        fun execute_simple_docunit(du: DocUnit)
        do
                var file = du.test_file.as(not null)
                var i = du.test_arg.as(not null)
                toolcontext.info("Execute doc-unit {du.full_name} in {file} {i}", 1)
                var res2 = toolcontext.safe_exec("{file.to_program_name}.bin {i} >'{file}.out1' 2>&1 </dev/null")
                du.was_exec = true

                var content = "{file}.out1".to_path.read_all
                du.raw_output = content

                if res2 != 0 then
                        du.error = "Runtime error in {file} with argument {i}"
                        toolcontext.modelbuilder.failed_entities += 1
                end
        end

        # Executes a single doc-unit in its own program.
        # Used for docunits larger than a single block of code (with modules, classes, functions etc.)
        fun test_single_docunit(du: DocUnit)
        do
                cpt += 1
                var file = "{prefix}-{cpt}.nit"

                toolcontext.info("Execute doc-unit {du.full_name} in {file}", 1)

                var f
                f = create_unitfile(file)
                f.write(du.block)
                f.close

                if toolcontext.opt_noact.value then return

                var res = compile_unitfile(file)
                var res2 = 0
                if res == 0 then
                        res2 = toolcontext.safe_exec("{file.to_program_name}.bin >'{file}.out1' 2>&1 </dev/null")
                        du.was_exec = true
                end

                var content = "{file}.out1".to_path.read_all
                du.raw_output = content

                if res != 0 then
                        du.error = "Compilation error in {file}"
                        toolcontext.modelbuilder.failed_entities += 1
                else if res2 != 0 then
                        du.error = "Runtime error in {file}"
                        toolcontext.modelbuilder.failed_entities += 1
                end
        end

        # Create and fill the header of a unit file `file`.
        #
        # A unit file is a Nit source file generated from one
        # or more docunits that will be compiled and executed.
        #
        # The handled on the file is returned and must be completed and closed.
        #
        # `file` should be a valid filepath for a Nit source file.
        private fun create_unitfile(file: String): Writer
        do
                var dir = file.dirname
                if dir != "" then dir.mkdir
                var f
                f = new FileWriter.open(file)
                f.write("# GENERATED FILE\n")
                f.write("# Docunits extracted from comments\n")
                if mmodule != null then
                        f.write("import {mmodule.name}\n")
                end
                f.write("\n")
                return f
        end

        # Compile an unit file and return the compiler return code
        #
        # Can terminate the program if the compiler is not found
        private fun compile_unitfile(file: String): Int
        do
                var nitc = toolcontext.find_nitc
                var opts = new Array[String]
                if mmodule != null then
                        opts.add "-I {mmodule.filepath.dirname}"
                end
                var cmd = "{nitc} --ignore-visibility --no-color -q '{file}' {opts.join(" ")} >'{file}.out1' 2>&1 </dev/null -o '{file}.bin'"
                var res = toolcontext.safe_exec(cmd)
                return res
        end
end

private class NitunitDecorator
        super HTMLDecorator

        var executor: NitUnitExecutor

        redef fun add_code(v, block) do
                var code = block.raw_content
                var meta = block.meta or else "nit"
                # Do not try to test non-nit code.
                if meta != "nit" then return
                # Try to parse code blocks
                var ast = executor.toolcontext.parse_something(code)

                var mdoc = executor.mdoc
                assert mdoc != null

                # Skip pure comments
                if ast isa TComment then return

                # The location is computed according to the starts of the mdoc and the block
                # Note, the following assumes that all the comments of the mdoc are correctly aligned.
                var loc = block.block.location
                var line_offset = loc.line_start + mdoc.location.line_start - 2
                var column_offset = loc.column_start + mdoc.location.column_start
                # Hack to handle precise location in blocks
                # TODO remove when markdown is more reliable
                if block isa BlockFence then
                        # Skip the starting fence
                        line_offset += 1
                else
                        # Account a standard 4 space indentation
                        column_offset += 4
                end

                # We want executable code
                if not (ast isa AModule or ast isa ABlockExpr or ast isa AExpr) then
                        var message
                        var l = ast.location
                        # Get real location of the node (or error)
                        var location = new Location(mdoc.location.file,
                                l.line_start + line_offset,
                                l.line_end + line_offset,
                                l.column_start + column_offset,
                                l.column_end + column_offset)
                        if ast isa AError then
                                message = ast.message
                        else
                                message = "Error: Invalid Nit code."
                        end

                        var du = new_docunit
                        du.block += code
                        du.error_location = location
                        du.error = message
                        executor.toolcontext.modelbuilder.failed_entities += 1
                        return
                end

                # Create a first block
                # Or create a new block for modules that are more than a main part
                var last_docunit = executor.last_docunit
                if last_docunit == null or ast isa AModule then
                        last_docunit = new_docunit
                        executor.last_docunit = last_docunit
                end

                # Add it to the file
                last_docunit.block += code

                # In order to retrieve precise positions,
                # the real position of each line of the raw_content is stored.
                # See `DocUnit::real_location`
                line_offset -= loc.line_start - 1
                for i in [loc.line_start..loc.line_end] do
                        last_docunit.lines.add i + line_offset
                        last_docunit.columns.add column_offset
                end
        end

        # Return and register a new empty docunit
        fun new_docunit: DocUnit
        do
                var mdoc = executor.mdoc
                assert mdoc != null

                var next_number = 1
                var name = executor.xml_name
                if executor.docunits.not_empty and executor.docunits.last.mdoc == mdoc then
                        next_number = executor.docunits.last.number + 1
                        name += "#" + next_number.to_s
                end

                var res = new DocUnit(mdoc, next_number, "", executor.xml_classname, name)
                executor.docunits.add res
                executor.toolcontext.modelbuilder.unit_entities += 1
                return res
        end
end

# A unit-test extracted from some documentation.
#
# A docunit is extracted from the code-blocks of mdocs.
# Each mdoc can contains more than one docunit, and a single docunit can be made of more that a single code-block.
class DocUnit
        super UnitTest

        # The doc that contains self
        var mdoc: MDoc

        # The numbering of self in mdoc (starting with 0)
        var number: Int

        # The generated Nit source file that contains the unit-test
        #
        # Note that a same generated file can be used for multiple tests.
        # See `test_arg` that is used to distinguish them
        var test_file: nullable String = null

        # The command-line argument to use when executing the test, if any.
        var test_arg: nullable Int = null

        redef fun full_name do
                var mentity = mdoc.original_mentity
                if mentity != null then
                        var res = mentity.full_name
                        if number > 1 then
                                res += "#{number}"
                        end
                        return res
                else
                        return xml_classname + "." + xml_name
                end
        end

        # The text of the code to execute.
        #
        # This is the verbatim content on one, or more, code-blocks from `mdoc`
        var block: String

        # For each line in `block`, the associated line in the mdoc
        #
        # Is used to give precise locations
        var lines = new Array[Int]

        # For each line in `block`, the associated column in the mdoc
        #
        # Is used to give precise locations
        var columns = new Array[Int]

        # The location of the whole docunit.
        #
        # If `self` is made of multiple code-blocks, then the location
        # starts at the first code-books and finish at the last one, thus includes anything between.
        redef var location is lazy do
                return new Location(mdoc.location.file, lines.first, lines.last+1, columns.first+1, 0)
        end

        # Compute the real location of a node on the `ast` based on `mdoc.location`
        #
        # The result is basically: ast_location + markdown location of the piece + mdoc.location
        #
        # The fun is that a single docunit can be made of various pieces of code blocks.
        fun real_location(ast_location: Location): Location
        do
                var mdoc = self.mdoc
                var res = new Location(mdoc.location.file, lines[ast_location.line_start-1],
                        lines[ast_location.line_end-1],
                        columns[ast_location.line_start-1] + ast_location.column_start,
                        columns[ast_location.line_end-1] + ast_location.column_end)
                return res
        end

        redef fun to_xml
        do
                var res = super
                res.open("system-out").append(block)
                return res
        end

        redef var xml_classname
        redef var xml_name
end

redef class ModelBuilder
        # Total number analyzed `MEntity`
        var total_entities = 0

        # The number of `MEntity` that have some documentation
        var doc_entities = 0

        # The total number of executed docunits
        var unit_entities = 0

        # The number failed docunits
        var failed_entities = 0

        # Extracts and executes all the docunits in the `mmodule`
        # Returns a JUnit-compatible `<testsuite>` XML element that contains the results of the executions.
        fun test_markdown(mmodule: MModule): HTMLTag
        do
                var ts = new HTMLTag("testsuite")
                toolcontext.info("nitunit: doc-unit {mmodule}", 2)

                var nmodule = mmodule2node(mmodule)
                if nmodule == null then return ts

                # usualy, only the original module must be imported in the unit test.
                var o = mmodule
                var g = o.mgroup
                if g != null and g.mpackage.name == "core" then
                        # except for a unit test in a module of `core`
                        # in this case, the whole `core` must be imported
                        o = get_mmodule_by_name(nmodule, g, g.mpackage.name).as(not null)
                end

                ts.attr("package", mmodule.full_name)

                var prefix = toolcontext.test_dir
                prefix = prefix.join_path(mmodule.to_s)
                var d2m = new NitUnitExecutor(toolcontext, prefix, o, ts, "Docunits of module {mmodule.full_name}")

                do
                        total_entities += 1
                        var nmoduledecl = nmodule.n_moduledecl
                        if nmoduledecl == null then break label x
                        var ndoc = nmoduledecl.n_doc
                        if ndoc == null then break label x
                        doc_entities += 1
                        # NOTE: jenkins expects a '.' in the classname attr
                        d2m.extract(ndoc.to_mdoc, "nitunit." + mmodule.full_name + ".<module>", "<module>")
                end label x
                for nclassdef in nmodule.n_classdefs do
                        var mclassdef = nclassdef.mclassdef
                        if mclassdef == null then continue
                        if nclassdef isa AStdClassdef then
                                total_entities += 1
                                var ndoc = nclassdef.n_doc
                                if ndoc != null then
                                        doc_entities += 1
                                        d2m.extract(ndoc.to_mdoc, "nitunit." + mmodule.full_name + "." + mclassdef.mclass.full_name, "<class>")
                                end
                        end
                        for npropdef in nclassdef.n_propdefs do
                                var mpropdef = npropdef.mpropdef
                                if mpropdef == null then continue
                                total_entities += 1
                                var ndoc = npropdef.n_doc
                                if ndoc != null then
                                        doc_entities += 1
                                        d2m.extract(ndoc.to_mdoc, "nitunit." + mmodule.full_name + "." + mclassdef.mclass.full_name, mpropdef.mproperty.full_name)
                                end
                        end
                end

                d2m.run_tests

                return ts
        end

        # Extracts and executes all the docunits in the readme of the `mgroup`
        # Returns a JUnit-compatible `<testsuite>` XML element that contains the results of the executions.
        fun test_group(mgroup: MGroup): HTMLTag
        do
                var ts = new HTMLTag("testsuite")
                toolcontext.info("nitunit: doc-unit group {mgroup}", 2)

                # usually, only the default module must be imported in the unit test.
                var o = mgroup.default_mmodule

                ts.attr("package", mgroup.full_name)

                var prefix = toolcontext.test_dir
                prefix = prefix.join_path(mgroup.to_s)
                var d2m = new NitUnitExecutor(toolcontext, prefix, o, ts, "Docunits of group {mgroup.full_name}")

                total_entities += 1
                var mdoc = mgroup.mdoc
                if mdoc == null then return ts

                doc_entities += 1
                # NOTE: jenkins expects a '.' in the classname attr
                d2m.extract(mdoc, "nitunit." + mgroup.full_name, "<group>")

                d2m.run_tests

                return ts
        end

        # Test a document object unrelated to a Nit entity
        fun test_mdoc(mdoc: MDoc): HTMLTag
        do
                var ts = new HTMLTag("testsuite")
                var file = mdoc.location.file.filename

                toolcontext.info("nitunit: doc-unit file {file}", 2)

                ts.attr("package", file)

                var prefix = toolcontext.test_dir / "file"
                var d2m = new NitUnitExecutor(toolcontext, prefix, null, ts, "Docunits of file {file}")

                total_entities += 1
                doc_entities += 1

                # NOTE: jenkins expects a '.' in the classname attr
                d2m.extract(mdoc, "nitunit.<file>", file)
                d2m.run_tests

                return ts
        end
end