1 # This file is part of NIT ( http://www.nitlanguage.org ).
3 # Copyright 2012 Jean Privat <jean@pryen.org>
5 # Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
6 # you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7 # You may obtain a copy of the License at
9 # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
11 # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
12 # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
13 # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
14 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
15 # limitations under the License.
17 # Classes, types and properties
19 # All three concepts are defined in this same module because these are strongly connected:
20 # * types are based on classes
21 # * classes contains properties
22 # * some properties are types (virtual types)
24 # TODO: liearization, extern stuff
25 # FIXME: better handling of the types
31 private import more_collections
35 var mclasses
= new Array[MClass]
37 # All known properties
38 var mproperties
= new Array[MProperty]
40 # Hierarchy of class definition.
42 # Each classdef is associated with its super-classdefs in regard to
43 # its module of definition.
44 var mclassdef_hierarchy
= new POSet[MClassDef]
46 # Class-type hierarchy restricted to the introduction.
48 # The idea is that what is true on introduction is always true whatever
49 # the module considered.
50 # Therefore, this hierarchy is used for a fast positive subtype check.
52 # This poset will evolve in a monotonous way:
53 # * Two non connected nodes will remain unconnected
54 # * New nodes can appear with new edges
55 private var intro_mtype_specialization_hierarchy
= new POSet[MClassType]
57 # Global overlapped class-type hierarchy.
58 # The hierarchy when all modules are combined.
59 # Therefore, this hierarchy is used for a fast negative subtype check.
61 # This poset will evolve in an anarchic way. Loops can even be created.
63 # FIXME decide what to do on loops
64 private var full_mtype_specialization_hierarchy
= new POSet[MClassType]
66 # Collections of classes grouped by their short name
67 private var mclasses_by_name
= new MultiHashMap[String, MClass]
69 # Return all class named `name`.
71 # If such a class does not exist, null is returned
72 # (instead of an empty array)
74 # Visibility or modules are not considered
75 fun get_mclasses_by_name
(name
: String): nullable Array[MClass]
77 return mclasses_by_name
.get_or_null
(name
)
80 # Collections of properties grouped by their short name
81 private var mproperties_by_name
= new MultiHashMap[String, MProperty]
83 # Return all properties named `name`.
85 # If such a property does not exist, null is returned
86 # (instead of an empty array)
88 # Visibility or modules are not considered
89 fun get_mproperties_by_name
(name
: String): nullable Array[MProperty]
91 return mproperties_by_name
.get_or_null
(name
)
95 var null_type
= new MNullType(self)
97 # Build an ordered tree with from `concerns`
98 fun concerns_tree
(mconcerns
: Collection[MConcern]): ConcernsTree do
99 var seen
= new HashSet[MConcern]
100 var res
= new ConcernsTree
102 var todo
= new Array[MConcern]
103 todo
.add_all mconcerns
105 while not todo
.is_empty
do
107 if seen
.has
(c
) then continue
108 var pc
= c
.parent_concern
122 # An OrderedTree that can be easily refined for display purposes
124 super OrderedTree[MConcern]
128 # All the classes introduced in the module
129 var intro_mclasses
= new Array[MClass]
131 # All the class definitions of the module
132 # (introduction and refinement)
133 var mclassdefs
= new Array[MClassDef]
135 # Does the current module has a given class `mclass`?
136 # Return true if the mmodule introduces, refines or imports a class.
137 # Visibility is not considered.
138 fun has_mclass
(mclass
: MClass): Bool
140 return self.in_importation
<= mclass
.intro_mmodule
143 # Full hierarchy of introduced ans imported classes.
145 # Create a new hierarchy got by flattening the classes for the module
146 # and its imported modules.
147 # Visibility is not considered.
149 # Note: this function is expensive and is usually used for the main
150 # module of a program only. Do not use it to do you own subtype
152 fun flatten_mclass_hierarchy
: POSet[MClass]
154 var res
= self.flatten_mclass_hierarchy_cache
155 if res
!= null then return res
156 res
= new POSet[MClass]
157 for m
in self.in_importation
.greaters
do
158 for cd
in m
.mclassdefs
do
161 for s
in cd
.supertypes
do
162 res
.add_edge
(c
, s
.mclass
)
166 self.flatten_mclass_hierarchy_cache
= res
170 # Sort a given array of classes using the linearization order of the module
171 # The most general is first, the most specific is last
172 fun linearize_mclasses
(mclasses
: Array[MClass])
174 self.flatten_mclass_hierarchy
.sort
(mclasses
)
177 # Sort a given array of class definitions using the linearization order of the module
178 # the refinement link is stronger than the specialisation link
179 # The most general is first, the most specific is last
180 fun linearize_mclassdefs
(mclassdefs
: Array[MClassDef])
182 var sorter
= new MClassDefSorter(self)
183 sorter
.sort
(mclassdefs
)
186 # Sort a given array of property definitions using the linearization order of the module
187 # the refinement link is stronger than the specialisation link
188 # The most general is first, the most specific is last
189 fun linearize_mpropdefs
(mpropdefs
: Array[MPropDef])
191 var sorter
= new MPropDefSorter(self)
192 sorter
.sort
(mpropdefs
)
195 private var flatten_mclass_hierarchy_cache
: nullable POSet[MClass] = null
197 # The primitive type `Object`, the root of the class hierarchy
198 var object_type
: MClassType = self.get_primitive_class
("Object").mclass_type
is lazy
200 # The type `Pointer`, super class to all extern classes
201 var pointer_type
: MClassType = self.get_primitive_class
("Pointer").mclass_type
is lazy
203 # The primitive type `Bool`
204 var bool_type
: MClassType = self.get_primitive_class
("Bool").mclass_type
is lazy
206 # The primitive type `Int`
207 var int_type
: MClassType = self.get_primitive_class
("Int").mclass_type
is lazy
209 # The primitive type `Char`
210 var char_type
: MClassType = self.get_primitive_class
("Char").mclass_type
is lazy
212 # The primitive type `Float`
213 var float_type
: MClassType = self.get_primitive_class
("Float").mclass_type
is lazy
215 # The primitive type `String`
216 var string_type
: MClassType = self.get_primitive_class
("String").mclass_type
is lazy
218 # The primitive type `NativeString`
219 var native_string_type
: MClassType = self.get_primitive_class
("NativeString").mclass_type
is lazy
221 # A primitive type of `Array`
222 fun array_type
(elt_type
: MType): MClassType do return array_class
.get_mtype
([elt_type
])
224 # The primitive class `Array`
225 var array_class
: MClass = self.get_primitive_class
("Array") is lazy
227 # A primitive type of `NativeArray`
228 fun native_array_type
(elt_type
: MType): MClassType do return native_array_class
.get_mtype
([elt_type
])
230 # The primitive class `NativeArray`
231 var native_array_class
: MClass = self.get_primitive_class
("NativeArray") is lazy
233 # The primitive type `Sys`, the main type of the program, if any
234 fun sys_type
: nullable MClassType
236 var clas
= self.model
.get_mclasses_by_name
("Sys")
237 if clas
== null then return null
238 return get_primitive_class
("Sys").mclass_type
241 # The primitive type `Finalizable`
242 # Used to tag classes that need to be finalized.
243 fun finalizable_type
: nullable MClassType
245 var clas
= self.model
.get_mclasses_by_name
("Finalizable")
246 if clas
== null then return null
247 return get_primitive_class
("Finalizable").mclass_type
250 # Force to get the primitive class named `name` or abort
251 fun get_primitive_class
(name
: String): MClass
253 var cla
= self.model
.get_mclasses_by_name
(name
)
254 # Filter classes by introducing module
255 if cla
!= null then cla
= [for c
in cla
do if self.in_importation
<= c
.intro_mmodule
then c
]
256 if cla
== null or cla
.is_empty
then
257 if name
== "Bool" and self.model
.get_mclasses_by_name
("Object") != null then
258 # Bool is injected because it is needed by engine to code the result
259 # of the implicit casts.
260 var c
= new MClass(self, name
, null, enum_kind
, public_visibility
)
261 var cladef
= new MClassDef(self, c
.mclass_type
, new Location(null, 0,0,0,0))
262 cladef
.set_supertypes
([object_type
])
263 cladef
.add_in_hierarchy
266 print
("Fatal Error: no primitive class {name} in {self}")
269 if cla
.length
!= 1 then
270 var msg
= "Fatal Error: more than one primitive class {name} in {self}:"
271 for c
in cla
do msg
+= " {c.full_name}"
278 # Try to get the primitive method named `name` on the type `recv`
279 fun try_get_primitive_method
(name
: String, recv
: MClass): nullable MMethod
281 var props
= self.model
.get_mproperties_by_name
(name
)
282 if props
== null then return null
283 var res
: nullable MMethod = null
284 for mprop
in props
do
285 assert mprop
isa MMethod
286 var intro
= mprop
.intro_mclassdef
287 for mclassdef
in recv
.mclassdefs
do
288 if not self.in_importation
.greaters
.has
(mclassdef
.mmodule
) then continue
289 if not mclassdef
.in_hierarchy
.greaters
.has
(intro
) then continue
292 else if res
!= mprop
then
293 print
("Fatal Error: ambigous property name '{name}'; conflict between {mprop.full_name} and {res.full_name}")
302 private class MClassDefSorter
304 redef type COMPARED: MClassDef
306 redef fun compare
(a
, b
)
310 if ca
!= cb
then return mmodule
.flatten_mclass_hierarchy
.compare
(ca
, cb
)
311 return mmodule
.model
.mclassdef_hierarchy
.compare
(a
, b
)
315 private class MPropDefSorter
317 redef type COMPARED: MPropDef
319 redef fun compare
(pa
, pb
)
325 if ca
!= cb
then return mmodule
.flatten_mclass_hierarchy
.compare
(ca
, cb
)
326 return mmodule
.model
.mclassdef_hierarchy
.compare
(a
, b
)
332 # `MClass` are global to the model; it means that a `MClass` is not bound to a
333 # specific `MModule`.
335 # This characteristic helps the reasoning about classes in a program since a
336 # single `MClass` object always denote the same class.
338 # The drawback is that classes (`MClass`) contain almost nothing by themselves.
339 # These do not really have properties nor belong to a hierarchy since the property and the
340 # hierarchy of a class depends of the refinement in the modules.
342 # Most services on classes require the precision of a module, and no one can asks what are
343 # the super-classes of a class nor what are properties of a class without precising what is
344 # the module considered.
346 # For instance, during the typing of a source-file, the module considered is the module of the file.
347 # eg. the question *is the method `foo` exists in the class `Bar`?* must be reformulated into
348 # *is the method `foo` exists in the class `Bar` in the current module?*
350 # During some global analysis, the module considered may be the main module of the program.
354 # The module that introduce the class
355 # While classes are not bound to a specific module,
356 # the introducing module is used for naming an visibility
357 var intro_mmodule
: MModule
359 # The short name of the class
360 # In Nit, the name of a class cannot evolve in refinements
361 redef var name
: String
363 # The canonical name of the class
365 # It is the name of the class prefixed by the full_name of the `intro_mmodule`
366 # Example: `"owner::module::MyClass"`
367 redef var full_name
is lazy
do
368 return "{self.intro_mmodule.namespace_for(visibility)}::{name}"
371 redef var c_name
is lazy
do
372 return "{intro_mmodule.c_namespace_for(visibility)}__{name.to_cmangle}"
375 # The number of generic formal parameters
376 # 0 if the class is not generic
377 var arity
: Int is noinit
379 # Each generic formal parameters in order.
380 # is empty if the class is not generic
381 var mparameters
= new Array[MParameterType]
383 # Initialize `mparameters` from their names.
384 protected fun setup_parameter_names
(parameter_names
: nullable Array[String]) is
387 if parameter_names
== null then
390 self.arity
= parameter_names
.length
393 # Create the formal parameter types
395 assert parameter_names
!= null
396 var mparametertypes
= new Array[MParameterType]
397 for i
in [0..arity
[ do
398 var mparametertype
= new MParameterType(self, i
, parameter_names
[i
])
399 mparametertypes
.add
(mparametertype
)
401 self.mparameters
= mparametertypes
402 var mclass_type
= new MGenericType(self, mparametertypes
)
403 self.mclass_type
= mclass_type
404 self.get_mtype_cache
[mparametertypes
] = mclass_type
406 self.mclass_type
= new MClassType(self)
410 # The kind of the class (interface, abstract class, etc.)
411 # In Nit, the kind of a class cannot evolve in refinements
414 # The visibility of the class
415 # In Nit, the visibility of a class cannot evolve in refinements
416 var visibility
: MVisibility
420 intro_mmodule
.intro_mclasses
.add
(self)
421 var model
= intro_mmodule
.model
422 model
.mclasses_by_name
.add_one
(name
, self)
423 model
.mclasses
.add
(self)
426 redef fun model
do return intro_mmodule
.model
428 # All class definitions (introduction and refinements)
429 var mclassdefs
= new Array[MClassDef]
432 redef fun to_s
do return self.name
434 # The definition that introduces the class.
436 # Warning: such a definition may not exist in the early life of the object.
437 # In this case, the method will abort.
439 # Use `try_intro` instead
440 var intro
: MClassDef is noinit
442 # The definition that introduces the class or null if not yet known.
445 fun try_intro
: nullable MClassDef do
446 if isset _intro
then return _intro
else return null
449 # Return the class `self` in the class hierarchy of the module `mmodule`.
451 # SEE: `MModule::flatten_mclass_hierarchy`
452 # REQUIRE: `mmodule.has_mclass(self)`
453 fun in_hierarchy
(mmodule
: MModule): POSetElement[MClass]
455 return mmodule
.flatten_mclass_hierarchy
[self]
458 # The principal static type of the class.
460 # For non-generic class, mclass_type is the only `MClassType` based
463 # For a generic class, the arguments are the formal parameters.
464 # i.e.: for the class Array[E:Object], the `mclass_type` is Array[E].
465 # If you want Array[Object] the see `MClassDef::bound_mtype`
467 # For generic classes, the mclass_type is also the way to get a formal
468 # generic parameter type.
470 # To get other types based on a generic class, see `get_mtype`.
472 # ENSURE: `mclass_type.mclass == self`
473 var mclass_type
: MClassType is noinit
475 # Return a generic type based on the class
476 # Is the class is not generic, then the result is `mclass_type`
478 # REQUIRE: `mtype_arguments.length == self.arity`
479 fun get_mtype
(mtype_arguments
: Array[MType]): MClassType
481 assert mtype_arguments
.length
== self.arity
482 if self.arity
== 0 then return self.mclass_type
483 var res
= get_mtype_cache
.get_or_null
(mtype_arguments
)
484 if res
!= null then return res
485 res
= new MGenericType(self, mtype_arguments
)
486 self.get_mtype_cache
[mtype_arguments
.to_a
] = res
490 private var get_mtype_cache
= new HashMap[Array[MType], MGenericType]
492 # Is there a `new` factory to allow the pseudo instantiation?
493 var has_new_factory
= false is writable
497 # A definition (an introduction or a refinement) of a class in a module
499 # A `MClassDef` is associated with an explicit (or almost) definition of a
500 # class. Unlike `MClass`, a `MClassDef` is a local definition that belong to
501 # a specific class and a specific module, and contains declarations like super-classes
504 # It is the class definitions that are the backbone of most things in the model:
505 # ClassDefs are defined with regard with other classdefs.
506 # Refinement and specialization are combined to produce a big poset called the `Model::mclassdef_hierarchy`.
508 # Moreover, the extension and the intention of types is defined by looking at the MClassDefs.
512 # The module where the definition is
515 # The associated `MClass`
516 var mclass
: MClass is noinit
518 # The bounded type associated to the mclassdef
520 # For a non-generic class, `bound_mtype` and `mclass.mclass_type`
524 # For the classdef Array[E: Object], the bound_mtype is Array[Object].
525 # If you want Array[E], then see `mclass.mclass_type`
527 # ENSURE: `bound_mtype.mclass == self.mclass`
528 var bound_mtype
: MClassType
530 # The origin of the definition
531 var location
: Location
533 # Internal name combining the module and the class
534 # Example: "mymodule#MyClass"
535 redef var to_s
: String is noinit
539 self.mclass
= bound_mtype
.mclass
540 mmodule
.mclassdefs
.add
(self)
541 mclass
.mclassdefs
.add
(self)
542 if mclass
.intro_mmodule
== mmodule
then
543 assert not isset mclass
._intro
546 self.to_s
= "{mmodule}#{mclass}"
549 # Actually the name of the `mclass`
550 redef fun name
do return mclass
.name
552 # The module and class name separated by a '#'.
554 # The short-name of the class is used for introduction.
555 # Example: "my_module#MyClass"
557 # The full-name of the class is used for refinement.
558 # Example: "my_module#intro_module::MyClass"
559 redef var full_name
is lazy
do
562 # private gives 'p::m#A'
563 return "{mmodule.namespace_for(mclass.visibility)}#{mclass.name}"
564 else if mclass
.intro_mmodule
.mproject
!= mmodule
.mproject
then
565 # public gives 'q::n#p::A'
566 # private gives 'q::n#p::m::A'
567 return "{mmodule.full_name}#{mclass.full_name}"
568 else if mclass
.visibility
> private_visibility
then
569 # public gives 'p::n#A'
570 return "{mmodule.full_name}#{mclass.name}"
572 # private gives 'p::n#::m::A' (redundant p is omitted)
573 return "{mmodule.full_name}#::{mclass.intro_mmodule.name}::{mclass.name}"
577 redef var c_name
is lazy
do
579 return "{mmodule.c_namespace_for(mclass.visibility)}___{mclass.c_name}"
580 else if mclass
.intro_mmodule
.mproject
== mmodule
.mproject
and mclass
.visibility
> private_visibility
then
581 return "{mmodule.c_name}___{mclass.name.to_cmangle}"
583 return "{mmodule.c_name}___{mclass.c_name}"
587 redef fun model
do return mmodule
.model
589 # All declared super-types
590 # FIXME: quite ugly but not better idea yet
591 var supertypes
= new Array[MClassType]
593 # Register some super-types for the class (ie "super SomeType")
595 # The hierarchy must not already be set
596 # REQUIRE: `self.in_hierarchy == null`
597 fun set_supertypes
(supertypes
: Array[MClassType])
599 assert unique_invocation
: self.in_hierarchy
== null
600 var mmodule
= self.mmodule
601 var model
= mmodule
.model
602 var mtype
= self.bound_mtype
604 for supertype
in supertypes
do
605 self.supertypes
.add
(supertype
)
607 # Register in full_type_specialization_hierarchy
608 model
.full_mtype_specialization_hierarchy
.add_edge
(mtype
, supertype
)
609 # Register in intro_type_specialization_hierarchy
610 if mclass
.intro_mmodule
== mmodule
and supertype
.mclass
.intro_mmodule
== mmodule
then
611 model
.intro_mtype_specialization_hierarchy
.add_edge
(mtype
, supertype
)
617 # Collect the super-types (set by set_supertypes) to build the hierarchy
619 # This function can only invoked once by class
620 # REQUIRE: `self.in_hierarchy == null`
621 # ENSURE: `self.in_hierarchy != null`
624 assert unique_invocation
: self.in_hierarchy
== null
625 var model
= mmodule
.model
626 var res
= model
.mclassdef_hierarchy
.add_node
(self)
627 self.in_hierarchy
= res
628 var mtype
= self.bound_mtype
630 # Here we need to connect the mclassdef to its pairs in the mclassdef_hierarchy
631 # The simpliest way is to attach it to collect_mclassdefs
632 for mclassdef
in mtype
.collect_mclassdefs
(mmodule
) do
633 res
.poset
.add_edge
(self, mclassdef
)
637 # The view of the class definition in `mclassdef_hierarchy`
638 var in_hierarchy
: nullable POSetElement[MClassDef] = null
640 # Is the definition the one that introduced `mclass`?
641 fun is_intro
: Bool do return isset mclass
._intro
and mclass
.intro
== self
643 # All properties introduced by the classdef
644 var intro_mproperties
= new Array[MProperty]
646 # All property definitions in the class (introductions and redefinitions)
647 var mpropdefs
= new Array[MPropDef]
650 # A global static type
652 # MType are global to the model; it means that a `MType` is not bound to a
653 # specific `MModule`.
654 # This characteristic helps the reasoning about static types in a program
655 # since a single `MType` object always denote the same type.
657 # However, because a `MType` is global, it does not really have properties
658 # nor have subtypes to a hierarchy since the property and the class hierarchy
659 # depends of a module.
660 # Moreover, virtual types an formal generic parameter types also depends on
661 # a receiver to have sense.
663 # Therefore, most method of the types require a module and an anchor.
664 # The module is used to know what are the classes and the specialization
666 # The anchor is used to know what is the bound of the virtual types and formal
667 # generic parameter types.
669 # MType are not directly usable to get properties. See the `anchor_to` method
670 # and the `MClassType` class.
672 # FIXME: the order of the parameters is not the best. We mus pick on from:
673 # * foo(mmodule, anchor, othertype)
674 # * foo(othertype, anchor, mmodule)
675 # * foo(anchor, mmodule, othertype)
676 # * foo(othertype, mmodule, anchor)
680 redef fun name
do return to_s
682 # Return true if `self` is an subtype of `sup`.
683 # The typing is done using the standard typing policy of Nit.
685 # REQUIRE: `anchor == null implies not self.need_anchor and not sup.need_anchor`
686 # REQUIRE: `anchor != null implies self.can_resolve_for(anchor, null, mmodule) and sup.can_resolve_for(anchor, null, mmodule)`
687 fun is_subtype
(mmodule
: MModule, anchor
: nullable MClassType, sup
: MType): Bool
690 if sub
== sup
then return true
692 #print "1.is {sub} a {sup}? ===="
694 if anchor
== null then
695 assert not sub
.need_anchor
696 assert not sup
.need_anchor
698 # First, resolve the formal types to the simplest equivalent forms in the receiver
699 assert sub
.can_resolve_for
(anchor
, null, mmodule
)
700 sub
= sub
.lookup_fixed
(mmodule
, anchor
)
701 assert sup
.can_resolve_for
(anchor
, null, mmodule
)
702 sup
= sup
.lookup_fixed
(mmodule
, anchor
)
705 # Does `sup` accept null or not?
706 # Discard the nullable marker if it exists
707 var sup_accept_null
= false
708 if sup
isa MNullableType then
709 sup_accept_null
= true
711 else if sup
isa MNotNullType then
713 else if sup
isa MNullType then
714 sup_accept_null
= true
717 # Can `sub` provide null or not?
718 # Thus we can match with `sup_accept_null`
719 # Also discard the nullable marker if it exists
720 var sub_reject_null
= false
721 if sub
isa MNullableType then
722 if not sup_accept_null
then return false
724 else if sub
isa MNotNullType then
725 sub_reject_null
= true
727 else if sub
isa MNullType then
728 return sup_accept_null
730 # Now the case of direct null and nullable is over.
732 # If `sub` is a formal type, then it is accepted if its bound is accepted
733 while sub
isa MFormalType do
734 #print "3.is {sub} a {sup}?"
736 # A unfixed formal type can only accept itself
737 if sub
== sup
then return true
739 assert anchor
!= null
740 sub
= sub
.lookup_bound
(mmodule
, anchor
)
741 if sub_reject_null
then sub
= sub
.as_notnull
743 #print "3.is {sub} a {sup}?"
745 # Manage the second layer of null/nullable
746 if sub
isa MNullableType then
747 if not sup_accept_null
and not sub_reject_null
then return false
749 else if sub
isa MNotNullType then
750 sub_reject_null
= true
752 else if sub
isa MNullType then
753 return sup_accept_null
756 #print "4.is {sub} a {sup}? <- no more resolution"
758 assert sub
isa MClassType else print
"{sub} <? {sub}" # It is the only remaining type
760 # A unfixed formal type can only accept itself
761 if sup
isa MFormalType then
765 if sup
isa MNullType then
766 # `sup` accepts only null
770 assert sup
isa MClassType # It is the only remaining type
772 # Now both are MClassType, we need to dig
774 if sub
== sup
then return true
776 if anchor
== null then anchor
= sub
# UGLY: any anchor will work
777 var resolved_sub
= sub
.anchor_to
(mmodule
, anchor
)
778 var res
= resolved_sub
.collect_mclasses
(mmodule
).has
(sup
.mclass
)
779 if res
== false then return false
780 if not sup
isa MGenericType then return true
781 var sub2
= sub
.supertype_to
(mmodule
, anchor
, sup
.mclass
)
782 assert sub2
.mclass
== sup
.mclass
783 for i
in [0..sup
.mclass
.arity
[ do
784 var sub_arg
= sub2
.arguments
[i
]
785 var sup_arg
= sup
.arguments
[i
]
786 res
= sub_arg
.is_subtype
(mmodule
, anchor
, sup_arg
)
787 if res
== false then return false
792 # The base class type on which self is based
794 # This base type is used to get property (an internally to perform
795 # unsafe type comparison).
797 # Beware: some types (like null) are not based on a class thus this
800 # Basically, this function transform the virtual types and parameter
801 # types to their bounds.
806 # class B super A end
808 # class Y super X end
817 # Map[T,U] anchor_to H #-> Map[B,Y]
819 # Explanation of the example:
820 # In H, T is set to B, because "H super G[B]", and U is bound to Y,
821 # because "redef type U: Y". Therefore, Map[T, U] is bound to
824 # ENSURE: `not self.need_anchor implies result == self`
825 # ENSURE: `not result.need_anchor`
826 fun anchor_to
(mmodule
: MModule, anchor
: MClassType): MType
828 if not need_anchor
then return self
829 assert not anchor
.need_anchor
830 # Just resolve to the anchor and clear all the virtual types
831 var res
= self.resolve_for
(anchor
, null, mmodule
, true)
832 assert not res
.need_anchor
836 # Does `self` contain a virtual type or a formal generic parameter type?
837 # In order to remove those types, you usually want to use `anchor_to`.
838 fun need_anchor
: Bool do return true
840 # Return the supertype when adapted to a class.
842 # In Nit, for each super-class of a type, there is a equivalent super-type.
848 # class H[V] super G[V, Bool] end
850 # H[Int] supertype_to G #-> G[Int, Bool]
853 # REQUIRE: `super_mclass` is a super-class of `self`
854 # REQUIRE: `self.need_anchor implies anchor != null and self.can_resolve_for(anchor, null, mmodule)`
855 # ENSURE: `result.mclass = super_mclass`
856 fun supertype_to
(mmodule
: MModule, anchor
: nullable MClassType, super_mclass
: MClass): MClassType
858 if super_mclass
.arity
== 0 then return super_mclass
.mclass_type
859 if self isa MClassType and self.mclass
== super_mclass
then return self
861 if self.need_anchor
then
862 assert anchor
!= null
863 resolved_self
= self.anchor_to
(mmodule
, anchor
)
867 var supertypes
= resolved_self
.collect_mtypes
(mmodule
)
868 for supertype
in supertypes
do
869 if supertype
.mclass
== super_mclass
then
870 # FIXME: Here, we stop on the first goal. Should we check others and detect inconsistencies?
871 return supertype
.resolve_for
(self, anchor
, mmodule
, false)
877 # Replace formals generic types in self with resolved values in `mtype`
878 # If `cleanup_virtual` is true, then virtual types are also replaced
881 # This function returns self if `need_anchor` is false.
887 # class H[F] super G[F] end
891 # * Array[E].resolve_for(H[Int]) #-> Array[Int]
892 # * Array[E].resolve_for(G[Z], X[Int]) #-> Array[Z]
894 # Explanation of the example:
895 # * Array[E].need_anchor is true because there is a formal generic parameter type E
896 # * E makes sense for H[Int] because E is a formal parameter of G and H specialize G
897 # * Since "H[F] super G[F]", E is in fact F for H
898 # * More specifically, in H[Int], E is Int
899 # * So, in H[Int], Array[E] is Array[Int]
901 # This function is mainly used to inherit a signature.
902 # Because, unlike `anchor_to`, we do not want a full resolution of
903 # a type but only an adapted version of it.
909 # fun foo(e:E):E is abstract
911 # class B super A[Int] end
914 # The signature on foo is (e: E): E
915 # If we resolve the signature for B, we get (e:Int):Int
921 # fun foo(e:E):E is abstract
925 # fun bar do a.foo(x) # <- x is here
929 # The first question is: is foo available on `a`?
931 # The static type of a is `A[Array[F]]`, that is an open type.
932 # in order to find a method `foo`, whe must look at a resolved type.
934 # A[Array[F]].anchor_to(C[nullable Object]) #-> A[Array[nullable Object]]
936 # the method `foo` exists in `A[Array[nullable Object]]`, therefore `foo` exists for `a`.
938 # The next question is: what is the accepted types for `x`?
940 # the signature of `foo` is `foo(e:E)`, thus we must resolve the type E
942 # E.resolve_for(A[Array[F]],C[nullable Object]) #-> Array[F]
944 # The resolution can be done because `E` make sense for the class A (see `can_resolve_for`)
946 # FIXME: the parameter `cleanup_virtual` is just a bad idea, but having
947 # two function instead of one seems also to be a bad idea.
949 # REQUIRE: `can_resolve_for(mtype, anchor, mmodule)`
950 # ENSURE: `not self.need_anchor implies result == self`
951 fun resolve_for
(mtype
: MType, anchor
: nullable MClassType, mmodule
: MModule, cleanup_virtual
: Bool): MType is abstract
953 # Resolve formal type to its verbatim bound.
954 # If the type is not formal, just return self
956 # The result is returned exactly as declared in the "type" property (verbatim).
957 # So it could be another formal type.
959 # In case of conflict, the method aborts.
960 fun lookup_bound
(mmodule
: MModule, resolved_receiver
: MType): MType do return self
962 # Resolve the formal type to its simplest equivalent form.
964 # Formal types are either free or fixed.
965 # When it is fixed, it means that it is equivalent with a simpler type.
966 # When a formal type is free, it means that it is only equivalent with itself.
967 # This method return the most simple equivalent type of `self`.
969 # This method is mainly used for subtype test in order to sanely compare fixed.
971 # By default, return self.
972 # See the redefinitions for specific behavior in each kind of type.
973 fun lookup_fixed
(mmodule
: MModule, resolved_receiver
: MType): MType do return self
975 # Can the type be resolved?
977 # In order to resolve open types, the formal types must make sence.
987 # E.can_resolve_for(A[Int]) #-> true, E make sense in A
989 # E.can_resolve_for(B[Int]) #-> false, E does not make sense in B
991 # B[E].can_resolve_for(A[F], B[Object]) #-> true,
992 # # B[E] is a red hearing only the E is important,
993 # # E make sense in A
996 # REQUIRE: `anchor != null implies not anchor.need_anchor`
997 # REQUIRE: `mtype.need_anchor implies anchor != null and mtype.can_resolve_for(anchor, null, mmodule)`
998 # ENSURE: `not self.need_anchor implies result == true`
999 fun can_resolve_for
(mtype
: MType, anchor
: nullable MClassType, mmodule
: MModule): Bool is abstract
1001 # Return the nullable version of the type
1002 # If the type is already nullable then self is returned
1003 fun as_nullable
: MType
1005 var res
= self.as_nullable_cache
1006 if res
!= null then return res
1007 res
= new MNullableType(self)
1008 self.as_nullable_cache
= res
1012 # Remove the base type of a decorated (proxy) type.
1013 # Is the type is not decorated, then self is returned.
1015 # Most of the time it is used to return the not nullable version of a nullable type.
1016 # In this case, this just remove the `nullable` notation, but the result can still contains null.
1017 # For instance if `self isa MNullType` or self is a formal type bounded by a nullable type.
1018 # If you really want to exclude the `null` value, then use `as_notnull`
1019 fun undecorate
: MType
1024 # Returns the not null version of the type.
1025 # That is `self` minus the `null` value.
1027 # For most types, this return `self`.
1028 # For formal types, this returns a special `MNotNullType`
1029 fun as_notnull
: MType do return self
1031 private var as_nullable_cache
: nullable MType = null
1034 # The depth of the type seen as a tree.
1041 # Formal types have a depth of 1.
1047 # The length of the type seen as a tree.
1054 # Formal types have a length of 1.
1060 # Compute all the classdefs inherited/imported.
1061 # The returned set contains:
1062 # * the class definitions from `mmodule` and its imported modules
1063 # * the class definitions of this type and its super-types
1065 # This function is used mainly internally.
1067 # REQUIRE: `not self.need_anchor`
1068 fun collect_mclassdefs
(mmodule
: MModule): Set[MClassDef] is abstract
1070 # Compute all the super-classes.
1071 # This function is used mainly internally.
1073 # REQUIRE: `not self.need_anchor`
1074 fun collect_mclasses
(mmodule
: MModule): Set[MClass] is abstract
1076 # Compute all the declared super-types.
1077 # Super-types are returned as declared in the classdefs (verbatim).
1078 # This function is used mainly internally.
1080 # REQUIRE: `not self.need_anchor`
1081 fun collect_mtypes
(mmodule
: MModule): Set[MClassType] is abstract
1083 # Is the property in self for a given module
1084 # This method does not filter visibility or whatever
1086 # REQUIRE: `not self.need_anchor`
1087 fun has_mproperty
(mmodule
: MModule, mproperty
: MProperty): Bool
1089 assert not self.need_anchor
1090 return self.collect_mclassdefs
(mmodule
).has
(mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
)
1094 # A type based on a class.
1096 # `MClassType` have properties (see `has_mproperty`).
1100 # The associated class
1103 redef fun model
do return self.mclass
.intro_mmodule
.model
1105 # TODO: private init because strongly bounded to its mclass. see `mclass.mclass_type`
1107 # The formal arguments of the type
1108 # ENSURE: `result.length == self.mclass.arity`
1109 var arguments
= new Array[MType]
1111 redef fun to_s
do return mclass
.to_s
1113 redef fun full_name
do return mclass
.full_name
1115 redef fun c_name
do return mclass
.c_name
1117 redef fun need_anchor
do return false
1119 redef fun anchor_to
(mmodule
: MModule, anchor
: MClassType): MClassType
1121 return super.as(MClassType)
1124 redef fun resolve_for
(mtype
: MType, anchor
: nullable MClassType, mmodule
: MModule, cleanup_virtual
: Bool): MClassType do return self
1126 redef fun can_resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
) do return true
1128 redef fun collect_mclassdefs
(mmodule
)
1130 assert not self.need_anchor
1131 var cache
= self.collect_mclassdefs_cache
1132 if not cache
.has_key
(mmodule
) then
1133 self.collect_things
(mmodule
)
1135 return cache
[mmodule
]
1138 redef fun collect_mclasses
(mmodule
)
1140 if collect_mclasses_last_module
== mmodule
then return collect_mclasses_last_module_cache
1141 assert not self.need_anchor
1142 var cache
= self.collect_mclasses_cache
1143 if not cache
.has_key
(mmodule
) then
1144 self.collect_things
(mmodule
)
1146 var res
= cache
[mmodule
]
1147 collect_mclasses_last_module
= mmodule
1148 collect_mclasses_last_module_cache
= res
1152 private var collect_mclasses_last_module
: nullable MModule = null
1153 private var collect_mclasses_last_module_cache
: Set[MClass] is noinit
1155 redef fun collect_mtypes
(mmodule
)
1157 assert not self.need_anchor
1158 var cache
= self.collect_mtypes_cache
1159 if not cache
.has_key
(mmodule
) then
1160 self.collect_things
(mmodule
)
1162 return cache
[mmodule
]
1165 # common implementation for `collect_mclassdefs`, `collect_mclasses`, and `collect_mtypes`.
1166 private fun collect_things
(mmodule
: MModule)
1168 var res
= new HashSet[MClassDef]
1169 var seen
= new HashSet[MClass]
1170 var types
= new HashSet[MClassType]
1171 seen
.add
(self.mclass
)
1172 var todo
= [self.mclass
]
1173 while not todo
.is_empty
do
1174 var mclass
= todo
.pop
1175 #print "process {mclass}"
1176 for mclassdef
in mclass
.mclassdefs
do
1177 if not mmodule
.in_importation
<= mclassdef
.mmodule
then continue
1178 #print " process {mclassdef}"
1180 for supertype
in mclassdef
.supertypes
do
1181 types
.add
(supertype
)
1182 var superclass
= supertype
.mclass
1183 if seen
.has
(superclass
) then continue
1184 #print " add {superclass}"
1185 seen
.add
(superclass
)
1186 todo
.add
(superclass
)
1190 collect_mclassdefs_cache
[mmodule
] = res
1191 collect_mclasses_cache
[mmodule
] = seen
1192 collect_mtypes_cache
[mmodule
] = types
1195 private var collect_mclassdefs_cache
= new HashMap[MModule, Set[MClassDef]]
1196 private var collect_mclasses_cache
= new HashMap[MModule, Set[MClass]]
1197 private var collect_mtypes_cache
= new HashMap[MModule, Set[MClassType]]
1201 # A type based on a generic class.
1202 # A generic type a just a class with additional formal generic arguments.
1208 # TODO: private init because strongly bounded to its mclass. see `mclass.get_mtype`
1212 assert self.mclass
.arity
== arguments
.length
1214 self.need_anchor
= false
1215 for t
in arguments
do
1216 if t
.need_anchor
then
1217 self.need_anchor
= true
1222 self.to_s
= "{mclass}[{arguments.join(", ")}]"
1225 # The short-name of the class, then the full-name of each type arguments within brackets.
1226 # Example: `"Map[String, List[Int]]"`
1227 redef var to_s
: String is noinit
1229 # The full-name of the class, then the full-name of each type arguments within brackets.
1230 # Example: `"standard::Map[standard::String, standard::List[standard::Int]]"`
1231 redef var full_name
is lazy
do
1232 var args
= new Array[String]
1233 for t
in arguments
do
1234 args
.add t
.full_name
1236 return "{mclass.full_name}[{args.join(", ")}]"
1239 redef var c_name
is lazy
do
1240 var res
= mclass
.c_name
1241 # Note: because the arity is known, a prefix notation is enough
1242 for t
in arguments
do
1249 redef var need_anchor
: Bool is noinit
1251 redef fun resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
)
1253 if not need_anchor
then return self
1254 assert can_resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
)
1255 var types
= new Array[MType]
1256 for t
in arguments
do
1257 types
.add
(t
.resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
))
1259 return mclass
.get_mtype
(types
)
1262 redef fun can_resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
)
1264 if not need_anchor
then return true
1265 for t
in arguments
do
1266 if not t
.can_resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
) then return false
1275 for a
in self.arguments
do
1277 if d
> dmax
then dmax
= d
1285 for a
in self.arguments
do
1292 # A formal type (either virtual of parametric).
1294 # The main issue with formal types is that they offer very little information on their own
1295 # and need a context (anchor and mmodule) to be useful.
1296 abstract class MFormalType
1299 redef var as_notnull
= new MNotNullType(self) is lazy
1302 # A virtual formal type.
1306 # The property associated with the type.
1307 # Its the definitions of this property that determine the bound or the virtual type.
1308 var mproperty
: MVirtualTypeProp
1310 redef fun model
do return self.mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.mmodule
.model
1312 redef fun lookup_bound
(mmodule
: MModule, resolved_receiver
: MType): MType
1314 return lookup_single_definition
(mmodule
, resolved_receiver
).bound
.as(not null)
1317 private fun lookup_single_definition
(mmodule
: MModule, resolved_receiver
: MType): MVirtualTypeDef
1319 assert not resolved_receiver
.need_anchor
1320 var props
= self.mproperty
.lookup_definitions
(mmodule
, resolved_receiver
)
1321 if props
.is_empty
then
1323 else if props
.length
== 1 then
1326 var types
= new ArraySet[MType]
1327 var res
= props
.first
1329 types
.add
(p
.bound
.as(not null))
1330 if not res
.is_fixed
then res
= p
1332 if types
.length
== 1 then
1338 # A VT is fixed when:
1339 # * the VT is (re-)defined with the annotation `is fixed`
1340 # * the VT is (indirectly) bound to an enum class (see `enum_kind`) since there is no subtype possible
1341 # * the receiver is an enum class since there is no subtype possible
1342 redef fun lookup_fixed
(mmodule
: MModule, resolved_receiver
: MType): MType
1344 assert not resolved_receiver
.need_anchor
1345 resolved_receiver
= resolved_receiver
.undecorate
1346 assert resolved_receiver
isa MClassType # It is the only remaining type
1348 var prop
= lookup_single_definition
(mmodule
, resolved_receiver
)
1349 var res
= prop
.bound
.as(not null)
1351 # Recursively lookup the fixed result
1352 res
= res
.lookup_fixed
(mmodule
, resolved_receiver
)
1354 # 1. For a fixed VT, return the resolved bound
1355 if prop
.is_fixed
then return res
1357 # 2. For a enum boud, return the bound
1358 if res
isa MClassType and res
.mclass
.kind
== enum_kind
then return res
1360 # 3. for a enum receiver return the bound
1361 if resolved_receiver
.mclass
.kind
== enum_kind
then return res
1366 redef fun resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
)
1368 if not cleanup_virtual
then return self
1369 assert can_resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
)
1370 # self is a virtual type declared (or inherited) in mtype
1371 # The point of the function it to get the bound of the virtual type that make sense for mtype
1372 # But because mtype is maybe a virtual/formal type, we need to get a real receiver first
1373 #print "{class_name}: {self}/{mtype}/{anchor}?"
1374 var resolved_receiver
1375 if mtype
.need_anchor
then
1376 assert anchor
!= null
1377 resolved_receiver
= mtype
.resolve_for
(anchor
, null, mmodule
, true)
1379 resolved_receiver
= mtype
1381 # Now, we can get the bound
1382 var verbatim_bound
= lookup_bound
(mmodule
, resolved_receiver
)
1383 # The bound is exactly as declared in the "type" property, so we must resolve it again
1384 var res
= verbatim_bound
.resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
)
1389 redef fun can_resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
)
1391 if mtype
.need_anchor
then
1392 assert anchor
!= null
1393 mtype
= mtype
.anchor_to
(mmodule
, anchor
)
1395 return mtype
.has_mproperty
(mmodule
, mproperty
)
1398 redef fun to_s
do return self.mproperty
.to_s
1400 redef fun full_name
do return self.mproperty
.full_name
1402 redef fun c_name
do return self.mproperty
.c_name
1405 # The type associated to a formal parameter generic type of a class
1407 # Each parameter type is associated to a specific class.
1408 # It means that all refinements of a same class "share" the parameter type,
1409 # but that a generic subclass has its own parameter types.
1411 # However, in the sense of the meta-model, a parameter type of a class is
1412 # a valid type in a subclass. The "in the sense of the meta-model" is
1413 # important because, in the Nit language, the programmer cannot refers
1414 # directly to the parameter types of the super-classes.
1419 # fun e: E is abstract
1425 # In the class definition B[F], `F` is a valid type but `E` is not.
1426 # However, `self.e` is a valid method call, and the signature of `e` is
1429 # Note that parameter types are shared among class refinements.
1430 # Therefore parameter only have an internal name (see `to_s` for details).
1431 class MParameterType
1434 # The generic class where the parameter belong
1437 redef fun model
do return self.mclass
.intro_mmodule
.model
1439 # The position of the parameter (0 for the first parameter)
1440 # FIXME: is `position` a better name?
1445 redef fun to_s
do return name
1447 redef var full_name
is lazy
do return "{mclass.full_name}::{name}"
1449 redef var c_name
is lazy
do return mclass
.c_name
+ "__" + "#{name}".to_cmangle
1451 redef fun lookup_bound
(mmodule
: MModule, resolved_receiver
: MType): MType
1453 assert not resolved_receiver
.need_anchor
1454 resolved_receiver
= resolved_receiver
.undecorate
1455 assert resolved_receiver
isa MClassType # It is the only remaining type
1456 var goalclass
= self.mclass
1457 if resolved_receiver
.mclass
== goalclass
then
1458 return resolved_receiver
.arguments
[self.rank
]
1460 var supertypes
= resolved_receiver
.collect_mtypes
(mmodule
)
1461 for t
in supertypes
do
1462 if t
.mclass
== goalclass
then
1463 # Yeah! c specialize goalclass with a "super `t'". So the question is what is the argument of f
1464 # FIXME: Here, we stop on the first goal. Should we check others and detect inconsistencies?
1465 var res
= t
.arguments
[self.rank
]
1472 # A PT is fixed when:
1473 # * Its bound is a enum class (see `enum_kind`).
1474 # The PT is just useless, but it is still a case.
1475 # * More usually, the `resolved_receiver` is a subclass of `self.mclass`,
1476 # so it is necessarily fixed in a `super` clause, either with a normal type
1477 # or with another PT.
1478 # See `resolve_for` for examples about related issues.
1479 redef fun lookup_fixed
(mmodule
: MModule, resolved_receiver
: MType): MType
1481 assert not resolved_receiver
.need_anchor
1482 resolved_receiver
= resolved_receiver
.undecorate
1483 assert resolved_receiver
isa MClassType # It is the only remaining type
1484 var res
= self.resolve_for
(resolved_receiver
.mclass
.mclass_type
, resolved_receiver
, mmodule
, false)
1488 redef fun resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
)
1490 assert can_resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
)
1491 #print "{class_name}: {self}/{mtype}/{anchor}?"
1493 if mtype
isa MGenericType and mtype
.mclass
== self.mclass
then
1494 var res
= mtype
.arguments
[self.rank
]
1495 if anchor
!= null and res
.need_anchor
then
1496 # Maybe the result can be resolved more if are bound to a final class
1497 var r2
= res
.anchor_to
(mmodule
, anchor
)
1498 if r2
isa MClassType and r2
.mclass
.kind
== enum_kind
then return r2
1503 # self is a parameter type of mtype (or of a super-class of mtype)
1504 # The point of the function it to get the bound of the virtual type that make sense for mtype
1505 # But because mtype is maybe a virtual/formal type, we need to get a real receiver first
1506 # FIXME: What happens here is far from clear. Thus this part must be validated and clarified
1507 var resolved_receiver
1508 if mtype
.need_anchor
then
1509 assert anchor
!= null
1510 resolved_receiver
= mtype
.resolve_for
(anchor
.mclass
.mclass_type
, anchor
, mmodule
, true)
1512 resolved_receiver
= mtype
1514 if resolved_receiver
isa MNullableType then resolved_receiver
= resolved_receiver
.mtype
1515 if resolved_receiver
isa MParameterType then
1516 assert resolved_receiver
.mclass
== anchor
.mclass
1517 resolved_receiver
= anchor
.arguments
[resolved_receiver
.rank
]
1518 if resolved_receiver
isa MNullableType then resolved_receiver
= resolved_receiver
.mtype
1520 assert resolved_receiver
isa MClassType # It is the only remaining type
1522 # Eh! The parameter is in the current class.
1523 # So we return the corresponding argument, no mater what!
1524 if resolved_receiver
.mclass
== self.mclass
then
1525 var res
= resolved_receiver
.arguments
[self.rank
]
1526 #print "{class_name}: {self}/{mtype}/{anchor} -> direct {res}"
1530 if resolved_receiver
.need_anchor
then
1531 assert anchor
!= null
1532 resolved_receiver
= resolved_receiver
.resolve_for
(anchor
, null, mmodule
, false)
1534 # Now, we can get the bound
1535 var verbatim_bound
= lookup_bound
(mmodule
, resolved_receiver
)
1536 # The bound is exactly as declared in the "type" property, so we must resolve it again
1537 var res
= verbatim_bound
.resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
)
1539 #print "{class_name}: {self}/{mtype}/{anchor} -> indirect {res}"
1544 redef fun can_resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
)
1546 if mtype
.need_anchor
then
1547 assert anchor
!= null
1548 mtype
= mtype
.anchor_to
(mmodule
, anchor
)
1550 return mtype
.collect_mclassdefs
(mmodule
).has
(mclass
.intro
)
1554 # A type that decorates another type.
1556 # The point of this class is to provide a common implementation of sevices that just forward to the original type.
1557 # Specific decorator are expected to redefine (or to extend) the default implementation as this suit them.
1558 abstract class MProxyType
1563 redef fun model
do return self.mtype
.model
1564 redef fun need_anchor
do return mtype
.need_anchor
1565 redef fun as_nullable
do return mtype
.as_nullable
1566 redef fun as_notnull
do return mtype
.as_notnull
1567 redef fun undecorate
do return mtype
.undecorate
1568 redef fun resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
)
1570 var res
= self.mtype
.resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
)
1574 redef fun can_resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
)
1576 return self.mtype
.can_resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
)
1579 redef fun lookup_fixed
(mmodule
, resolved_receiver
)
1581 var t
= mtype
.lookup_fixed
(mmodule
, resolved_receiver
)
1585 redef fun depth
do return self.mtype
.depth
1587 redef fun length
do return self.mtype
.length
1589 redef fun collect_mclassdefs
(mmodule
)
1591 assert not self.need_anchor
1592 return self.mtype
.collect_mclassdefs
(mmodule
)
1595 redef fun collect_mclasses
(mmodule
)
1597 assert not self.need_anchor
1598 return self.mtype
.collect_mclasses
(mmodule
)
1601 redef fun collect_mtypes
(mmodule
)
1603 assert not self.need_anchor
1604 return self.mtype
.collect_mtypes
(mmodule
)
1608 # A type prefixed with "nullable"
1614 self.to_s
= "nullable {mtype}"
1617 redef var to_s
: String is noinit
1619 redef var full_name
is lazy
do return "nullable {mtype.full_name}"
1621 redef var c_name
is lazy
do return "nullable__{mtype.c_name}"
1623 redef fun as_nullable
do return self
1624 redef fun resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
)
1627 return res
.as_nullable
1630 # Efficiently returns `mtype.lookup_fixed(mmodule, resolved_receiver).as_nullable`
1631 redef fun lookup_fixed
(mmodule
, resolved_receiver
)
1634 if t
== mtype
then return self
1635 return t
.as_nullable
1639 # A non-null version of a formal type.
1641 # When a formal type in bounded to a nullable type, this is the type of the not null version of it.
1645 redef fun to_s
do return "not null {mtype}"
1646 redef var full_name
is lazy
do return "not null {mtype.full_name}"
1647 redef var c_name
is lazy
do return "notnull__{mtype.c_name}"
1649 redef fun as_notnull
do return self
1651 redef fun resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
)
1654 return res
.as_notnull
1657 # Efficiently returns `mtype.lookup_fixed(mmodule, resolved_receiver).as_notnull`
1658 redef fun lookup_fixed
(mmodule
, resolved_receiver
)
1661 if t
== mtype
then return self
1666 # The type of the only value null
1668 # The is only one null type per model, see `MModel::null_type`.
1671 redef var model
: Model
1672 redef fun to_s
do return "null"
1673 redef fun full_name
do return "null"
1674 redef fun c_name
do return "null"
1675 redef fun as_nullable
do return self
1678 redef fun as_notnull
do abort # sorry...
1679 redef fun need_anchor
do return false
1680 redef fun resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
) do return self
1681 redef fun can_resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
) do return true
1683 redef fun collect_mclassdefs
(mmodule
) do return new HashSet[MClassDef]
1685 redef fun collect_mclasses
(mmodule
) do return new HashSet[MClass]
1687 redef fun collect_mtypes
(mmodule
) do return new HashSet[MClassType]
1690 # A signature of a method
1694 # The each parameter (in order)
1695 var mparameters
: Array[MParameter]
1697 # The return type (null for a procedure)
1698 var return_mtype
: nullable MType
1703 var t
= self.return_mtype
1704 if t
!= null then dmax
= t
.depth
1705 for p
in mparameters
do
1706 var d
= p
.mtype
.depth
1707 if d
> dmax
then dmax
= d
1715 var t
= self.return_mtype
1716 if t
!= null then res
+= t
.length
1717 for p
in mparameters
do
1718 res
+= p
.mtype
.length
1723 # REQUIRE: 1 <= mparameters.count p -> p.is_vararg
1726 var vararg_rank
= -1
1727 for i
in [0..mparameters
.length
[ do
1728 var parameter
= mparameters
[i
]
1729 if parameter
.is_vararg
then
1730 assert vararg_rank
== -1
1734 self.vararg_rank
= vararg_rank
1737 # The rank of the ellipsis (`...`) for vararg (starting from 0).
1738 # value is -1 if there is no vararg.
1739 # Example: for "(a: Int, b: Bool..., c: Char)" #-> vararg_rank=1
1740 var vararg_rank
: Int is noinit
1742 # The number or parameters
1743 fun arity
: Int do return mparameters
.length
1747 var b
= new FlatBuffer
1748 if not mparameters
.is_empty
then
1750 for i
in [0..mparameters
.length
[ do
1751 var mparameter
= mparameters
[i
]
1752 if i
> 0 then b
.append
(", ")
1753 b
.append
(mparameter
.name
)
1755 b
.append
(mparameter
.mtype
.to_s
)
1756 if mparameter
.is_vararg
then
1762 var ret
= self.return_mtype
1770 redef fun resolve_for
(mtype
: MType, anchor
: nullable MClassType, mmodule
: MModule, cleanup_virtual
: Bool): MSignature
1772 var params
= new Array[MParameter]
1773 for p
in self.mparameters
do
1774 params
.add
(p
.resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
))
1776 var ret
= self.return_mtype
1778 ret
= ret
.resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
)
1780 var res
= new MSignature(params
, ret
)
1785 # A parameter in a signature
1789 # The name of the parameter
1790 redef var name
: String
1792 # The static type of the parameter
1795 # Is the parameter a vararg?
1801 return "{name}: {mtype}..."
1803 return "{name}: {mtype}"
1807 # Returns a new parameter with the `mtype` resolved.
1808 # See `MType::resolve_for` for details.
1809 fun resolve_for
(mtype
: MType, anchor
: nullable MClassType, mmodule
: MModule, cleanup_virtual
: Bool): MParameter
1811 if not self.mtype
.need_anchor
then return self
1812 var newtype
= self.mtype
.resolve_for
(mtype
, anchor
, mmodule
, cleanup_virtual
)
1813 var res
= new MParameter(self.name
, newtype
, self.is_vararg
)
1817 redef fun model
do return mtype
.model
1820 # A service (global property) that generalize method, attribute, etc.
1822 # `MProperty` are global to the model; it means that a `MProperty` is not bound
1823 # to a specific `MModule` nor a specific `MClass`.
1825 # A MProperty gather definitions (see `mpropdefs`) ; one for the introduction
1826 # and the other in subclasses and in refinements.
1828 # A `MProperty` is used to denotes services in polymorphic way (ie. independent
1829 # of any dynamic type).
1830 # For instance, a call site "x.foo" is associated to a `MProperty`.
1831 abstract class MProperty
1834 # The associated MPropDef subclass.
1835 # The two specialization hierarchy are symmetric.
1836 type MPROPDEF: MPropDef
1838 # The classdef that introduce the property
1839 # While a property is not bound to a specific module, or class,
1840 # the introducing mclassdef is used for naming and visibility
1841 var intro_mclassdef
: MClassDef
1843 # The (short) name of the property
1844 redef var name
: String
1846 # The canonical name of the property.
1848 # It is the short-`name` prefixed by the short-name of the class and the full-name of the module.
1849 # Example: "my_project::my_module::MyClass::my_method"
1850 redef var full_name
is lazy
do
1851 return "{intro_mclassdef.mmodule.namespace_for(visibility)}::{intro_mclassdef.mclass.name}::{name}"
1854 redef var c_name
is lazy
do
1855 # FIXME use `namespace_for`
1856 return "{intro_mclassdef.mmodule.c_name}__{intro_mclassdef.mclass.name.to_cmangle}__{name.to_cmangle}"
1859 # The visibility of the property
1860 var visibility
: MVisibility
1862 # Is the property usable as an initializer?
1863 var is_autoinit
= false is writable
1867 intro_mclassdef
.intro_mproperties
.add
(self)
1868 var model
= intro_mclassdef
.mmodule
.model
1869 model
.mproperties_by_name
.add_one
(name
, self)
1870 model
.mproperties
.add
(self)
1873 # All definitions of the property.
1874 # The first is the introduction,
1875 # The other are redefinitions (in refinements and in subclasses)
1876 var mpropdefs
= new Array[MPROPDEF]
1878 # The definition that introduces the property.
1880 # Warning: such a definition may not exist in the early life of the object.
1881 # In this case, the method will abort.
1882 var intro
: MPROPDEF is noinit
1884 redef fun model
do return intro
.model
1887 redef fun to_s
do return name
1889 # Return the most specific property definitions defined or inherited by a type.
1890 # The selection knows that refinement is stronger than specialization;
1891 # however, in case of conflict more than one property are returned.
1892 # If mtype does not know mproperty then an empty array is returned.
1894 # If you want the really most specific property, then look at `lookup_first_definition`
1896 # REQUIRE: `not mtype.need_anchor` to simplify the API (no `anchor` parameter)
1897 # ENSURE: `not mtype.has_mproperty(mmodule, self) == result.is_empty`
1898 fun lookup_definitions
(mmodule
: MModule, mtype
: MType): Array[MPROPDEF]
1900 assert not mtype
.need_anchor
1901 mtype
= mtype
.undecorate
1903 var cache
= self.lookup_definitions_cache
[mmodule
, mtype
]
1904 if cache
!= null then return cache
1906 #print "select prop {mproperty} for {mtype} in {self}"
1907 # First, select all candidates
1908 var candidates
= new Array[MPROPDEF]
1909 for mpropdef
in self.mpropdefs
do
1910 # If the definition is not imported by the module, then skip
1911 if not mmodule
.in_importation
<= mpropdef
.mclassdef
.mmodule
then continue
1912 # If the definition is not inherited by the type, then skip
1913 if not mtype
.is_subtype
(mmodule
, null, mpropdef
.mclassdef
.bound_mtype
) then continue
1915 candidates
.add
(mpropdef
)
1917 # Fast track for only one candidate
1918 if candidates
.length
<= 1 then
1919 self.lookup_definitions_cache
[mmodule
, mtype
] = candidates
1923 # Second, filter the most specific ones
1924 return select_most_specific
(mmodule
, candidates
)
1927 private var lookup_definitions_cache
= new HashMap2[MModule, MType, Array[MPROPDEF]]
1929 # Return the most specific property definitions inherited by a type.
1930 # The selection knows that refinement is stronger than specialization;
1931 # however, in case of conflict more than one property are returned.
1932 # If mtype does not know mproperty then an empty array is returned.
1934 # If you want the really most specific property, then look at `lookup_next_definition`
1936 # REQUIRE: `not mtype.need_anchor` to simplify the API (no `anchor` parameter)
1937 # ENSURE: `not mtype.has_mproperty(mmodule, self) implies result.is_empty`
1938 fun lookup_super_definitions
(mmodule
: MModule, mtype
: MType): Array[MPROPDEF]
1940 assert not mtype
.need_anchor
1941 mtype
= mtype
.undecorate
1943 # First, select all candidates
1944 var candidates
= new Array[MPROPDEF]
1945 for mpropdef
in self.mpropdefs
do
1946 # If the definition is not imported by the module, then skip
1947 if not mmodule
.in_importation
<= mpropdef
.mclassdef
.mmodule
then continue
1948 # If the definition is not inherited by the type, then skip
1949 if not mtype
.is_subtype
(mmodule
, null, mpropdef
.mclassdef
.bound_mtype
) then continue
1950 # If the definition is defined by the type, then skip (we want the super, so e skip the current)
1951 if mtype
== mpropdef
.mclassdef
.bound_mtype
and mmodule
== mpropdef
.mclassdef
.mmodule
then continue
1953 candidates
.add
(mpropdef
)
1955 # Fast track for only one candidate
1956 if candidates
.length
<= 1 then return candidates
1958 # Second, filter the most specific ones
1959 return select_most_specific
(mmodule
, candidates
)
1962 # Return an array containing olny the most specific property definitions
1963 # This is an helper function for `lookup_definitions` and `lookup_super_definitions`
1964 private fun select_most_specific
(mmodule
: MModule, candidates
: Array[MPROPDEF]): Array[MPROPDEF]
1966 var res
= new Array[MPROPDEF]
1967 for pd1
in candidates
do
1968 var cd1
= pd1
.mclassdef
1971 for pd2
in candidates
do
1972 if pd2
== pd1
then continue # do not compare with self!
1973 var cd2
= pd2
.mclassdef
1975 if c2
.mclass_type
== c1
.mclass_type
then
1976 if cd2
.mmodule
.in_importation
< cd1
.mmodule
then
1977 # cd2 refines cd1; therefore we skip pd1
1981 else if cd2
.bound_mtype
.is_subtype
(mmodule
, null, cd1
.bound_mtype
) and cd2
.bound_mtype
!= cd1
.bound_mtype
then
1982 # cd2 < cd1; therefore we skip pd1
1991 if res
.is_empty
then
1992 print
"All lost! {candidates.join(", ")}"
1993 # FIXME: should be abort!
1998 # Return the most specific definition in the linearization of `mtype`.
2000 # If you want to know the next properties in the linearization,
2001 # look at `MPropDef::lookup_next_definition`.
2003 # FIXME: the linearization is still unspecified
2005 # REQUIRE: `not mtype.need_anchor` to simplify the API (no `anchor` parameter)
2006 # REQUIRE: `mtype.has_mproperty(mmodule, self)`
2007 fun lookup_first_definition
(mmodule
: MModule, mtype
: MType): MPROPDEF
2009 return lookup_all_definitions
(mmodule
, mtype
).first
2012 # Return all definitions in a linearization order
2013 # Most specific first, most general last
2015 # REQUIRE: `not mtype.need_anchor` to simplify the API (no `anchor` parameter)
2016 # REQUIRE: `mtype.has_mproperty(mmodule, self)`
2017 fun lookup_all_definitions
(mmodule
: MModule, mtype
: MType): Array[MPROPDEF]
2019 mtype
= mtype
.undecorate
2021 var cache
= self.lookup_all_definitions_cache
[mmodule
, mtype
]
2022 if cache
!= null then return cache
2024 assert not mtype
.need_anchor
2025 assert mtype
.has_mproperty
(mmodule
, self)
2027 #print "select prop {mproperty} for {mtype} in {self}"
2028 # First, select all candidates
2029 var candidates
= new Array[MPROPDEF]
2030 for mpropdef
in self.mpropdefs
do
2031 # If the definition is not imported by the module, then skip
2032 if not mmodule
.in_importation
<= mpropdef
.mclassdef
.mmodule
then continue
2033 # If the definition is not inherited by the type, then skip
2034 if not mtype
.is_subtype
(mmodule
, null, mpropdef
.mclassdef
.bound_mtype
) then continue
2036 candidates
.add
(mpropdef
)
2038 # Fast track for only one candidate
2039 if candidates
.length
<= 1 then
2040 self.lookup_all_definitions_cache
[mmodule
, mtype
] = candidates
2044 mmodule
.linearize_mpropdefs
(candidates
)
2045 candidates
= candidates
.reversed
2046 self.lookup_all_definitions_cache
[mmodule
, mtype
] = candidates
2050 private var lookup_all_definitions_cache
= new HashMap2[MModule, MType, Array[MPROPDEF]]
2057 redef type MPROPDEF: MMethodDef
2059 # Is the property defined at the top_level of the module?
2060 # Currently such a property are stored in `Object`
2061 var is_toplevel
: Bool = false is writable
2063 # Is the property a constructor?
2064 # Warning, this property can be inherited by subclasses with or without being a constructor
2065 # therefore, you should use `is_init_for` the verify if the property is a legal constructor for a given class
2066 var is_init
: Bool = false is writable
2068 # The constructor is a (the) root init with empty signature but a set of initializers
2069 var is_root_init
: Bool = false is writable
2071 # Is the property a 'new' constructor?
2072 var is_new
: Bool = false is writable
2074 # Is the property a legal constructor for a given class?
2075 # As usual, visibility is not considered.
2076 # FIXME not implemented
2077 fun is_init_for
(mclass
: MClass): Bool
2083 # A global attribute
2087 redef type MPROPDEF: MAttributeDef
2091 # A global virtual type
2092 class MVirtualTypeProp
2095 redef type MPROPDEF: MVirtualTypeDef
2097 # The formal type associated to the virtual type property
2098 var mvirtualtype
= new MVirtualType(self)
2101 # A definition of a property (local property)
2103 # Unlike `MProperty`, a `MPropDef` is a local definition that belong to a
2104 # specific class definition (which belong to a specific module)
2105 abstract class MPropDef
2108 # The associated `MProperty` subclass.
2109 # the two specialization hierarchy are symmetric
2110 type MPROPERTY: MProperty
2113 type MPROPDEF: MPropDef
2115 # The class definition where the property definition is
2116 var mclassdef
: MClassDef
2118 # The associated global property
2119 var mproperty
: MPROPERTY
2121 # The origin of the definition
2122 var location
: Location
2126 mclassdef
.mpropdefs
.add
(self)
2127 mproperty
.mpropdefs
.add
(self)
2128 if mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
== mclassdef
then
2129 assert not isset mproperty
._intro
2130 mproperty
.intro
= self
2132 self.to_s
= "{mclassdef}#{mproperty}"
2135 # Actually the name of the `mproperty`
2136 redef fun name
do return mproperty
.name
2138 # The full-name of mpropdefs combine the information about the `classdef` and the `mproperty`.
2140 # Therefore the combination of identifiers is awful,
2141 # the worst case being
2143 # * a property "p::m::A::x"
2144 # * redefined in a refinement of a class "q::n::B"
2145 # * in a module "r::o"
2146 # * so "r::o#q::n::B#p::m::A::x"
2148 # Fortunately, the full-name is simplified when entities are repeated.
2149 # For the previous case, the simplest form is "p#A#x".
2150 redef var full_name
is lazy
do
2151 var res
= new FlatBuffer
2153 # The first part is the mclassdef. Worst case is "r::o#q::n::B"
2154 res
.append mclassdef
.full_name
2158 if mclassdef
.mclass
== mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.mclass
then
2159 # intro are unambiguous in a class
2162 # Just try to simplify each part
2163 if mclassdef
.mmodule
.mproject
!= mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.mmodule
.mproject
then
2164 # precise "p::m" only if "p" != "r"
2165 res
.append mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.mmodule
.full_name
2167 else if mproperty
.visibility
<= private_visibility
then
2168 # Same project ("p"=="q"), but private visibility,
2169 # does the module part ("::m") need to be displayed
2170 if mclassdef
.mmodule
.namespace_for
(mclassdef
.mclass
.visibility
) != mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.mmodule
.mproject
then
2172 res
.append mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.mmodule
.name
2176 if mclassdef
.mclass
!= mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.mclass
then
2177 # precise "B" only if not the same class than "A"
2178 res
.append mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.name
2181 # Always use the property name "x"
2182 res
.append mproperty
.name
2187 redef var c_name
is lazy
do
2188 var res
= new FlatBuffer
2189 res
.append mclassdef
.c_name
2191 if mclassdef
.mclass
== mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.mclass
then
2192 res
.append name
.to_cmangle
2194 if mclassdef
.mmodule
!= mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.mmodule
then
2195 res
.append mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.mmodule
.c_name
2198 if mclassdef
.mclass
!= mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.mclass
then
2199 res
.append mproperty
.intro_mclassdef
.name
.to_cmangle
2202 res
.append mproperty
.name
.to_cmangle
2207 redef fun model
do return mclassdef
.model
2209 # Internal name combining the module, the class and the property
2210 # Example: "mymodule#MyClass#mymethod"
2211 redef var to_s
: String is noinit
2213 # Is self the definition that introduce the property?
2214 fun is_intro
: Bool do return mproperty
.intro
== self
2216 # Return the next definition in linearization of `mtype`.
2218 # This method is used to determine what method is called by a super.
2220 # REQUIRE: `not mtype.need_anchor`
2221 fun lookup_next_definition
(mmodule
: MModule, mtype
: MType): MPROPDEF
2223 assert not mtype
.need_anchor
2225 var mpropdefs
= self.mproperty
.lookup_all_definitions
(mmodule
, mtype
)
2226 var i
= mpropdefs
.iterator
2227 while i
.is_ok
and i
.item
!= self do i
.next
2228 assert has_property
: i
.is_ok
2230 assert has_next_property
: i
.is_ok
2235 # A local definition of a method
2239 redef type MPROPERTY: MMethod
2240 redef type MPROPDEF: MMethodDef
2242 # The signature attached to the property definition
2243 var msignature
: nullable MSignature = null is writable
2245 # The signature attached to the `new` call on a root-init
2246 # This is a concatenation of the signatures of the initializers
2248 # REQUIRE `mproperty.is_root_init == (new_msignature != null)`
2249 var new_msignature
: nullable MSignature = null is writable
2251 # List of initialisers to call in root-inits
2253 # They could be setters or attributes
2255 # REQUIRE `mproperty.is_root_init == (new_msignature != null)`
2256 var initializers
= new Array[MProperty]
2258 # Is the method definition abstract?
2259 var is_abstract
: Bool = false is writable
2261 # Is the method definition intern?
2262 var is_intern
= false is writable
2264 # Is the method definition extern?
2265 var is_extern
= false is writable
2267 # An optional constant value returned in functions.
2269 # Only some specific primitife value are accepted by engines.
2270 # Is used when there is no better implementation available.
2272 # Currently used only for the implementation of the `--define`
2273 # command-line option.
2274 # SEE: module `mixin`.
2275 var constant_value
: nullable Object = null is writable
2278 # A local definition of an attribute
2282 redef type MPROPERTY: MAttribute
2283 redef type MPROPDEF: MAttributeDef
2285 # The static type of the attribute
2286 var static_mtype
: nullable MType = null is writable
2289 # A local definition of a virtual type
2290 class MVirtualTypeDef
2293 redef type MPROPERTY: MVirtualTypeProp
2294 redef type MPROPDEF: MVirtualTypeDef
2296 # The bound of the virtual type
2297 var bound
: nullable MType = null is writable
2299 # Is the bound fixed?
2300 var is_fixed
= false is writable
2307 # * `interface_kind`
2311 # Note this class is basically an enum.
2312 # FIXME: use a real enum once user-defined enums are available
2314 redef var to_s
: String
2316 # Is a constructor required?
2319 # TODO: private init because enumeration.
2321 # Can a class of kind `self` specializes a class of kine `other`?
2322 fun can_specialize
(other
: MClassKind): Bool
2324 if other
== interface_kind
then return true # everybody can specialize interfaces
2325 if self == interface_kind
or self == enum_kind
then
2326 # no other case for interfaces
2328 else if self == extern_kind
then
2329 # only compatible with themselves
2330 return self == other
2331 else if other
== enum_kind
or other
== extern_kind
then
2332 # abstract_kind and concrete_kind are incompatible
2335 # remain only abstract_kind and concrete_kind
2340 # The class kind `abstract`
2341 fun abstract_kind
: MClassKind do return once
new MClassKind("abstract class", true)
2342 # The class kind `concrete`
2343 fun concrete_kind
: MClassKind do return once
new MClassKind("class", true)
2344 # The class kind `interface`
2345 fun interface_kind
: MClassKind do return once
new MClassKind("interface", false)
2346 # The class kind `enum`
2347 fun enum_kind
: MClassKind do return once
new MClassKind("enum", false)
2348 # The class kind `extern`
2349 fun extern_kind
: MClassKind do return once
new MClassKind("extern class", false)